Rotating Guide Blades for Targeted Battery Cell Fire Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery modules face challenges in effectively directing a gas-based fire extinguishing agent to a specific battery cell without damaging adjacent cells during a fire event, as conventional methods like water injection can flood and render other cells unusable.
Innovation Solution
A battery module design featuring guide blades that rotate due to gas pressure to direct a halogen compound fire extinguishing agent specifically to the affected cell, while minimizing exposure to other cells, utilizing a bus bar assembly and a fire extinguishing agent injection system within a module case.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If water is injected into the battery module to extinguish fire in a specific battery cell, then the fire in the affected cell is extinguished, but the remaining battery cells are damaged by flooding and cannot be reused
Solution Approach 1:
The battery module is divided into individual cell units with separate fire extinguishing channels. Each battery cell has its own guide blade and extinguishing agent injection path, allowing targeted fire suppression in affected cells without exposing other cells to water or chemical agents. This segmentation enables selective fire extinguishing while preserving unaffected cells for continued use.
Solution Approach 2:
The fire extinguishing system provides localized treatment by directing extinguishing agents through individual guide blades positioned at specific battery cell locations. Each guide blade creates a focused extinguishing zone for its corresponding cell, ensuring that the extinguishing agent is concentrated where needed rather than dispersed throughout the entire battery module, thereby preventing damage to unaffected cells.
2Reliability
If a fire extinguishing agent is injected into the battery module without directional guidance, then the agent can reach the affected cell, but the agent is also introduced into other battery cells causing unnecessary damage
Solution Approach 1:
Guide blades serve as intermediary structures that channel and direct the fire extinguishing agent from the injection source to the specific affected battery cell. These guide blades create controlled flow paths that prevent the agent from dispersing to adjacent cells, ensuring that the extinguishing substance is delivered precisely where needed and minimizing waste and collateral damage.
Solution Approach 2:
The system extracts and isolates the fire extinguishing function for each individual battery cell by providing separate injection channels and guide structures for each cell. This extraction allows the fire extinguishing agent to be applied independently to affected cells without necessarily exposing other cells to the agent, enabling precise control over where the extinguishing substance is introduced.
3Manufacturing precision
If guide blades are added to direct the fire extinguishing agent, then targeted extinguishing is achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The guide blades are designed as movable rather than fixed structures, capable of rotating or adjusting their orientation in response to gas pressure or actuation signals. This dynamic capability allows the guide blades to actively direct the fire extinguishing agent toward affected cells only when needed, providing precise control while maintaining a relatively simple structure that can adapt its configuration based on real-time conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution allows for targeted fire extinguishing of a specific battery cell, preventing thermal runaway and enabling the reuse of unaffected cells by ensuring the fire extinguishing agent is only introduced to the affected area.
Implementation Method 1
is coupled to the bus bar assembly to, when gas is generated in at least battery cell, rotate by a certain angle due to gas pressure
Data Source
AI summary
Discussed is a battery module that may include a cell assembly having battery cells arranged to face each other in an arrangement direction, a bus bar assembly coupled to a side surface of the cell assembly on which electrode leads of the battery cells are located, and guide blades arranged in front of the bus bar assembly in a direction corresponding to the arrangement direction of the battery cells, wherein each of the guide blades can have a plate surface facing at least one battery cell from among the battery cells, and is coupled to the bus bar assembly to rotate by a certain angle due to a gas pressure of a gas, when the gas is generated in the at least one battery cell.