Silicon particles coated with silicon carbide and continuous carbon phases buffer volume expansion during lithiation to maintain mechanical stability.
Sequential oxidation with varying strengths precisely regulates oxygen concentration, enabling reduced graphene resistivity within 1.45–150Ω/cm.
A carbon plate combines plant fiber, zeolite powder, and tea stem residue to create a composite structure.
A positive electrode active material layer uses reduced graphene oxide to enhance electrical conductivity and stability.
Mesophase pitch slurry casting yields oriented graphite flakes, avoiding expensive natural graphite purification and high temperature processing.
Pulverized coal with high specific surface area adsorbs mercury, eliminating separate denitration apparatuses.
Sub-4 μm plant-derived porous carbon retains sulfur within optimized voids, resolving the trade-off between high utilization and cycle stability.
Metal oxide catalyst selectively oxidizes acetylene to carbon monoxide or dioxide, reducing concentration below 10 ppm without energy-intensive distillation.
Briquetting pulverized coal without binders avoids pore blockage and harmful residues while maintaining briquette strength.