Time delays between electrical and plethysmograph signals select optimal pacing sites, resolving invasive measurement risks.
A hemodynamic sensor analyzes atrioventricular delay characteristics to estimate optimal timing parameters for cardiac stimulation.
An adaptable transformation program applies alternating sign multiplication to QT intervals for cardiac signal analysis.
Targeted neural electrodes in the triangle of Koch modulate AV node conduction and vagal activity, reducing arrhythmias without affecting ventricular rate.
Segmenting control logic into external wearables enables dynamic pacing adjustments while reducing implantable device complexity and battery consumption.