Opposite-chirality Z-shaped antennas cancel reverse photocurrents, enabling compact on-chip circular polarization detection with much lower noise.
A 2D metasurface and microlenses route polarized light onto pixels in one shot, improving quantum efficiency without bulky motorized polarizers.
A 2D metasurface routes polarized light to pixel-level filters, enabling single-shot polarization capture with higher quantum efficiency.
A rotating wave plate and phase retrieval approach measures polarizer transmission axis angle quickly and precisely without bulky interferometers.
Iterative matrix expansion and virtual experiments refine sensor layouts to suppress illumination-gradient errors in polarization detection.