A single block of each function type is reused in sequence to cut FPGA logic and energy use while keeping deterministic control.
Cryptographic hash comparison detects unauthorized program modifications in nuclear plant controllers, preventing malware-induced operational failures.
Virtual switch software modifies IP and MAC addresses to route data, eliminating external physical switches and enabling flexible hierarchical topologies.
Copying operator console images to the supervisor display resolves information loss during digitized control, enabling effective visual verification of actions.