Starter-culture fermentation lowers pH and drying cuts water activity, enabling preservative-free salami without nitrates or nitrites.
Pomegranate-derived ZnO nanoparticles with red cabbage or beetroot extracts help curb nitrite and nitrosamine formation while preserving meat quality.
Controlled humidity, near-freezing temperature, salt exposure, UV light, and ozone extend meat dry aging while limiting spoilage and weight loss.
Buffered acetic acid and cultured vegetable extract keep nitrite levels stable in meat treatment while supporting shelf life, color, and moisture retention.