Annular cavities and hollow bulge groups replace air pressure to improve load bearing, impact resistance, and driving comfort without burst risk.
V-shaped spoke joints with ultra-low-hysteresis elastomer and rigid heel portions improve non-pneumatic wheel durability and rolling resistance.
Curved or chamfered band-layer edges reduce crack initiation from surface imperfections while preserving strength and tire fatigue life.
Active heating and insulation keep elastomer layers flexible in a deformable non-pneumatic wheel for lunar and martian cold terrain.
Fiber-metal laminate layers in non-pneumatic tires improve uniformity, arrest crack propagation, and boost impact and fatigue resistance.
A reinforcement layer and adhesion deflector reduce heel stress concentration in non-pneumatic tire spokes, delaying cracking and extending fatigue life.
Overlapping elastomeric spoke ends at the hub reduce stress concentration and tearing, extending non-pneumatic wheel service life.
Discrete bump stop pieces absorb and spread extreme loads in a non-pneumatic tire, limiting plastic deformation and preserving operability.
Radial side grooves cut tire weight, guide airflow, and expand surface area to reduce rolling resistance and improve heat dissipation.
Elastic cable supports and a composite tread help a non-pneumatic wheel keep low contact pressure, absorb shocks, and stay flexible in lunar and Martian conditions.
Controlled resin bending modulus lets small-diameter non-pneumatic tires balance ride comfort, durability, and temperature stability.
Recessed grooves in a foam-filled stroller wheel create buffer space for uniform deformation, improving elasticity and anti-vibration.
Insert molding lets the tread expand during resin filling and shrink into the ring member during cooling, preventing separation and cutting tooling cost.
An elastic filler core inside the tire cavity prevents puncture collapse, keeps the toy car tire full, and improves travel on uneven surfaces.
A homogeneous one-piece elastomer tire uses a cantilevered spring structure to improve rolling smoothness, reduce noise, and simplify manufacturing.
Non-circular tread band filaments pack more densely in non-pneumatic tires, cutting rolling resistance and heat generation.
An all-metal corrugated tread with circumferential springs keeps a non-pneumatic wheel flexible, load-bearing, and shock-absorbing below -220°C.
Hollow composite cylinders in the shear band cut non-pneumatic tire weight and rolling resistance while preserving load capacity.