V-Shaped Non-Pneumatic Wheel Spokes for Durability and Low Rolling Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing non-pneumatic tires lack improved durability and rolling resistance, which are critical for enhanced performance and fuel economy.
Innovation Solution
The spokes of non-pneumatic tires are formed with a V-shaped design, utilizing an elastomeric joint body and ultra-low hysteresis rubber composition, with optional heel portions at the proximal ends, to enhance durability and reduce rolling resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If pneumatic tires are used, then comfort and traction are improved, but puncture resistance deteriorates and maintenance requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The wheel is divided into two independent parts: an outer pneumatic tire that provides comfort and traction, and an inner non-pneumatic support structure that provides puncture resistance. The pneumatic tire is segmented into tread, sidewalls, and rim interface, while the inner support is segmented into radial beams and arcuate elements that work together to prevent punctures without requiring air pressure.
Solution Approach 2:
The non-pneumatic support structure acts as an intermediary between the ground and the pneumatic tire. It transfers loads through its beam and arcuate element structure, reducing the stress on the pneumatic tire and preventing direct contact between sharp objects and the tire air pressure, thereby providing puncture resistance while maintaining comfort.
2Ease of operation
If pneumatic tires are used, then comfort is improved, but maintenance requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The wheel system is segmented into a removable pneumatic tire and a permanent non-pneumatic support structure. This allows the pneumatic tire to be easily removed and replaced when needed, while the support structure remains in place, simplifying maintenance operations and reducing the need for complex repair procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The design accepts that the pneumatic tire is a consumable component that will eventually wear out or become damaged. By making it easily replaceable and using standard tire components, the system allows for simple replacement rather than complex repair, reducing maintenance requirements and costs.
3Reliability
If solid rubber tires are used, then puncture resistance is improved, but comfort and traction deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The wheel combines two different tire types into a segmented system: the outer pneumatic tire provides comfort and traction through air pressure and flexible contact with the ground, while the inner non-pneumatic support structure provides puncture resistance through its rigid beam and arcuate element construction.
Solution Approach 2:
The non-pneumatic support structure serves as an intermediary that enables the use of a pneumatic tire without the drawbacks of punctures. It provides the necessary structural support and load-bearing capability, allowing the pneumatic tire to function optimally for comfort and traction without being vulnerable to punctures.
4Force
If wheel rims are made larger to support loads, then load capacity is improved, but rotational inertia increases
Solution Approach 1:
The non-pneumatic support structure uses a dynamic design with radial beams and arcuate elements that can flex and deform under load. This allows the rim to support heavy loads without requiring excessive size or weight, as the structure adapts dynamically to the applied forces rather than relying on static mass.
Solution Approach 2:
The wheel rim combines different materials and structural elements (radial beams, arcuate elements, tire interface components) to create a composite structure that provides high load capacity with reduced weight. The combination of rigid support elements and flexible tire components creates an efficient load-bearing system with minimized rotational inertia.
Data Source
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AI summary
A non-pneumatic wheel (10) having a hub (12), an outer tread band (200) and a plurality of spokes (100) connecting the hub with the outer tread band, each of the plurality of spokes having first and second spoke elements (140) joined by a body (130, 136) comprised of an elastomer connecting the first spoke element to the second spoke element, wherein at least one of a second (112) and a third (114) joint body has a heel portion (190, 191) made of a rubber composition having a higher rigidity.