A second rim opening separates the pressure sensor from the valve, reducing stress, dirt exposure, and sealing complexity.
A one-piece wheel uses flow forming, friction stir welding, and an adjustable insert neck to tune resonance frequency with lower cost and less weight.
Thermal bonding of reinforced thermoplastic rim sections forms seamless hollow wheel structures with precise contours and high strength-to-weight ratio.
An intermediate deformable insert creates spoke-thread interference, cutting spoke length, wheel weight, and adjustment disassembly.
Centrifugal inner-tube molding with negative-pressure exhaust strengthens wheel bonding and avoids rubber blooming and floor marks.
Extended flanges and concave sub-wells improve stiff tyre mounting while reducing slippage in low-pressure, high-load wheel applications.
Phase-shifted clocks and pulse-width reduction turn analog detector pulses into digital patterns for scalable real-time quantum measurement.
Gas springs between inner and outer rims absorb shock without pneumatic tires, reducing wear and enabling run-flat operation.
Staged cooling of spokes and hub before the rim creates favorable residual stresses, reducing wheel distortion and extending service life.
Annular rim wave profiles redirect airflow to cut bicycle wheel drag and improve side-wall rigidity without major weight increase.
Flexible textile fiber spoke ropes cushion heavy impacts without irreversible deformation, reducing wheel failure and maintenance needs.
A segmented variable-thickness ply layout cuts carbon rim weight while preserving strength, fatigue resistance, and manufacturability.