Different central and peripheral channel sizes and lengths steer hydrogen toward hotter stack regions, improving fuel use and reducing thermal gradients.
Non-porous seal stacks in SOFC porous conductors block fuel-oxidant migration, improving reactant distribution and cell efficiency.
An inert-then-oxidizing sintering sequence densifies SOFC interconnect coatings to limit chromium diffusion and preserve high-temperature stability.
A tensioned skirt replaces tie-bars in an SOFC stack, maintaining compression through thermal cycling while reducing thermal mass and short-circuit risk.
Reversible pump flow and bypass valve control purge residual water vapor from a fuel cell, helping prevent condensation and freezing in cold conditions.
Topology-optimized REV flow fields improve oxygen distribution and drain water under ribs while lowering fuel cell pressure drop.
Suction-guided descent aligns warped fuel cell separators before release, preventing shaft catching and stacking misalignment.
An elastic lamella in the fuel cell media port adjusts flow area under pressure to balance operating media distribution and save stack space.
Recessed ring seal regions in SOFC interconnect end plates reduce compressive stress, limit seal corrosion, and avoid specialized end plates.
Guide members fixed to the case constrain stack displacement and rotation under impact, protecting fuel cells without added positioning tabs.
A compact SOFC interconnect combines gas routing and electrical ports to cut stack weight, ohmic losses, and bipolar plate dependence.
Controlled PDD-H monomer levels regulate fluorinated polymer molecular weight without chain transfer agents and limit base-driven degradation.
A compressible fabric structure offsets stack expansion while maintaining contact pressure, easing voltage monitoring and reducing pressure damage.
A 3D metal porous current collector cuts SOFC contact resistance while preserving fluid permeability, strength, and power output.
Fluoroelastomer-coated, acid-removed PBI membrane edges enable stronger stack bonding, reducing hydrogen leakage and voltage loss.
A sacrificial elastomer layer creates a flat support for calendering flow guide ribs, improving stress uniformity, conductivity, and fuel cell plate manufacturability.
A grafted VDF proton exchange membrane improves 140°C thermal resistance, radical durability, and conductivity with low hydrogen permeability.
Swirled cathode exhaust and staged anode injection improve fuel cell tail-gas mixing, oxidation, and heat reuse for higher efficiency.
External force sensing and thermal insulation keep compression monitoring accurate for high-temperature electrochemical cell stacks.
Controlled copolymerization of fluorosulfonyl monomers with TFE yields electrolyte membranes that retain high conductivity and hot water resistance.
Modular flow path blocks replace etching in fuel cell separator plates, improving channel precision, pattern flexibility, and processing speed.