Strategic gap positioning allows trapped gas to escape during welding, reducing void formation and misalignment in the joint.
Hollow porous ceramic structure increases surface area for electrostatic discharge heat dissipation, reducing auxiliary electrode thermal load.
Position-specific heat values adjust multipoint ignition electrode temperatures to prevent carbon pollution and pre-ignition.
Inclined ground electrode surface suppresses flame quenching while buried noble metal tip prevents fallout, resolving durability versus ignitability trade-off.