Corona Ignition Capacitor Buffering Transient Voltage Mismatch
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Solution Overview
Problem
Corona ignition systems for internal combustion engines face inefficiencies due to high quality factor resonant circuits, leading to mismatched power delivery during transient oscillations, which can result in suboptimal ignition timing and increased risk of arc or spark discharge.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a capacitor parallel to the high frequency generator and DC voltage source to compensate for mismatches during transient oscillations, ensuring a stable voltage supply and preventing excessive voltage fluctuations during ignition and discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the resonant circuit operates with high quality factor to generate high reactive power, then the corona discharge can be maintained, but mismatches occur during transient oscillation causing voltage instability
Solution Approach 1:
The capacitor is pre-connected in parallel to the resonant circuit before transient oscillation occurs. During normal operation, the capacitor is charged to the operating voltage, preparing it to compensate for voltage drops that will occur during transient oscillation when the corona discharge is ignited or extinguished.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor acts as an energy buffer that compensates for reactive power mismatches during transient oscillation. When the resonant circuit experiences transient oscillation, the capacitor releases stored energy to maintain voltage stability, cushioning the system against voltage instability without requiring complex control mechanisms.
2Power
If the high frequency generator delivers full output voltage, then power availability is maximized, but excess voltages occur during transient oscillation increasing risk of arc discharge
Solution Approach 1:
The capacitor is pre-charged to the operating voltage during normal operation, preparing it to absorb excess voltage during transient oscillation. When transient oscillation occurs and the high frequency generator delivers full output, the capacitor absorbs the reactive power mismatch and prevents excess voltage from damaging the system or causing unwanted arc discharge.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor serves as an intermediary energy buffer between the high frequency generator and the resonant circuit. It mediates the power transfer by absorbing or releasing reactive power during transient oscillation, protecting the system from voltage instability while allowing the generator to operate at full power capability.
3Stability of the object's composition
If control mechanisms are added to adjust voltage during transient oscillation, then voltage stability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The capacitor provides automatic voltage compensation during transient oscillation without requiring external control mechanisms. The capacitor naturally charges and discharges in response to voltage changes, self-regulating the voltage stability during transient oscillation and eliminating the need for complex control circuits or active power management systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor is pre-connected and pre-charged to provide immediate voltage compensation during transient oscillation. This passive compensation approach eliminates the need for complex active control mechanisms, as the capacitor automatically responds to voltage changes through its inherent electrical properties, simplifying the overall system design.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution stabilizes the input voltage to the high frequency generator, enhancing the efficiency of corona discharge generation and preventing unwanted transitions to arc or spark discharge, thereby improving ignition control and reliability.
Implementation Method 1
a capacitor is connected to the high frequency generator parallel to the direct current voltage source, which capacitor, during the transient oscillation of the resonant circuit, compensates mismatches between the resonant circuit and the direct current voltage source
Implementation Method 2
Resonant circuits of corona ignition systems have a very high quality factor and therefore generate a high reactive power during transient oscillation
Implementation Method 3
The high frequency AC voltage is generated by a high frequency generator, the input voltage of which is generated by a transformer from the on-board electrical system of the vehicle
Implementation Method 4
a corona discharge forms at the latter. Corona discharge forms ions and radicals in a fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of an engine
Data Source
AI summary
A corona ignition system is described for igniting fuel in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, with a resonant circuit, which contains an ignition electrode, a high frequency generator connected to the resonant circuit, in order to generate an AC voltage for exciting the resonant circuit, and a direct current voltage source, in order to generate an input voltage for the high frequency generator. According to this disclosure, provision is made that parallel to the direct current voltage source a capacitor is connected to the high frequency generator, which capacitor on transient oscillation of the resonant circuit compensates mismatches between the resonant circuit and the direct current voltage source.