Novel aminostilbene brighteners improve paper and cellulose whitening at lower doses, cutting chemical use, cost, and environmental impact.
An onium-salt PAG with iodized aromatic and disulfonate groups balances acid diffusion and solvent solubility for cleaner lithography patterns.
Adding an iron source during polyaminocarboxylic acid synthesis favors stable racemic isomers and suppresses oligomeric by-products.
Combining multiple acid generators tunes acid diffusion and acidity to improve CDU, MEEF, and LWR in fine resist patterns.