An extended Kalman filter estimates virtual gains to identify faulty air springs, enabling rapid vehicle body leveling and simplified repairs.
Integrating damping and height adjustment into one hydraulic actuator reduces device complexity while maintaining vibration isolation for utility vehicles.
An enlarged peripheral wall portion expands the hollow volume of a vehicle steering knuckle, resolving weight reduction conflicts with rigidity requirements.
Electronic braking system automates trailer identification using MAC addresses and secure codes to eliminate manual verification errors in large depots.
A one-piece cast iron subframe integrates bearing mounts and connection arms to eliminate welding operations.
Segmented high-strength steel components replace monolithic forged axles, resolving the strength versus weight trade-off for heavy-duty payloads.
Deformable housing wall preloads spring against backing bearing to minimize internal clearances, extending operating life without adding collapsible components.
A steering sensor pin assembly uses a flat face to couple with an axle beam slot, eliminating threaded holes and locking nuts.