Curved hollow chamber acts as a peristaltic pump to regulate tire pressure, reducing wall tension and abrasion risks during rotation.
Straight monofilaments in tire bead regions reduce shear deformation through precise carcass cross-bonding angles.
Radially positioned protrusions with curved profiles generate a turbulent boundary layer, reducing lift and drag while maintaining circumferential uniformity.
Segmented composite sections with extended lips maintain bead retention and traction on soft ground without specialized installation tools.
Positioning a crosslinked second apex between the clinch and turn-up portion suppresses deformation concentration while maintaining steering stability.