Rotatable side flaps around a conveyor create expandable ore storage, boosting fill rate and haul volume within mine tunnel size limits.
Vertical ray casting on a 3D tunnel model resolves z-coordinate ambiguity from 2D underground vehicle position data.
Vertical ray casting in a 3D tunnel model resolves z-coordinates from 2D tracking data, removing ambiguity in overlapping underground tunnels.
Rotating laser scans and reflective reference patterns give underground mining machines absolute position data without satellite signals or inertial drift.
Automated sensor-based spacing control keeps milling and transport units aligned for safer, collision-free unloading during rail maintenance.