An endoscopic shaft combines a coiled core with a braided layer to preserve flexibility while transmitting rotation through tortuous anatomy.
Uncooled urine shipment for up to 24 days enables remote DLW analysis without supervised sample collection or cooled transit.
Phase-resolved OCT identifies sperm-containing tubules for targeted harvesting while reducing unnecessary testicular tissue removal.
A spring, hammer, and anvil amplify torque at distal end effectors, reducing manual actuation strain during endoscopic procedures.