Active Polarisation Circuit for High Impedance Input Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing circuits face challenges in detecting a high impedance state without consuming static current, particularly in low-consumption applications, as intermittent measurement methods are not suitable for brief events and pull-up impedance introduces static current consumption.

Innovation Solution

A circuit utilizing complementary MOS transistors to detect a floating node state, employing a latch configuration with N-channel and P-channel transistors to force the node to a low potential when floating, eliminating bias current consumption and leveraging leakage currents to maintain low impedance logic levels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a pull-up impedance is used to bias the inverter input to avoid floating state, then the high impedance state can be detected, but static current consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection of high impedance stateVSAvoidstatic current consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs periodic sampling of the input node state through a controlled activation of the detection transistor. Instead of continuous biasing, the circuit periodically checks the voltage level at the input node, consuming current only during measurement intervals. This transforms the continuous static current consumption into periodic pulsed consumption, significantly reducing average power usage while maintaining reliable detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The detection mechanism utilizes the inherent leakage currents and parasitic capacitances of the circuit elements themselves rather than requiring external biasing components. The input node's own characteristics (leakage current, capacitance) are leveraged to enable the detection function, eliminating the need for separate pull-up resistors that would consume static current.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Use of energy by moving object

If the pull-up impedance is increased to reduce static current, then power consumption decreases, but the discharge rate from the inverter input node to Vss becomes insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestatic current consumptionVSAvoiddischarge rate from inverter input node
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic detection approach where the transistor activation is controlled based on timing signals. The detection transistor is activated only during specific time windows when state changes are expected or need to be captured. This dynamic timing control allows the circuit to achieve fast response when needed while maintaining low power consumption during idle periods, effectively decoupling speed from continuous power consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Use of energy by moving object

If intermittent measurement is used to reduce static consumption, then power usage decreases, but brief events occurring between measurement phases cannot be detected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestatic current consumptionVSAvoiddetection of brief events
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The circuit prepares the detection transistor and associated circuitry in advance, keeping them in a ready state capable of immediate activation. The sampling mechanism is pre-configured with appropriate timing circuits that can trigger detection at critical moments. This preliminary preparation ensures that when brief events occur, the detection system is already positioned to capture them without requiring continuous operation, thus maintaining both low power consumption and high reliability for transient event detection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3583699B1Active polarisation and low consumption circuit for a high impedance input
Publication Date: 2024.08.28 SPRYNGS
  • EP3583699B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3

AI summary

The invention relates to a circuit for detecting a floating state of a node, comprising a first MOS transistor (M1) with first conductivity type connected between the node (N) and a first power supply line (Vss); and a second MOS transistor (M2) of conductivity type complementary to the first conductivity type, controlled by the node (N) and connected between the gate of the first transistor (M1) and a second power supply line (Vdd). In addition, a third MOS transistor (M3) having the first conductivity type connected between the gate of the first transistor (M1) and the first power supply line (Vss) can be controlled by the node (N).