On-Chip ADC Self-Calibration for Interleave Error Correction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) calibration methods require expensive and elaborate external setups, leading to high costs and inefficiencies due to manufacturing process variations causing interleave errors that degrade Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).

Innovation Solution

An on-chip circuit with a calibration source and switches allows for self-calibration by disconnecting the in-service signal during calibration mode, using either synchronous or asynchronous signals, and employing a calibration algorithm to determine and correct interleave errors, eliminating the need for external equipment and human intervention.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If external calibration setup with synthesizers and power splitters is used, then ADC calibration accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveADC calibration accuracyVSAvoidcalibration setup complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the calibration source functionality from external equipment and integrates it directly into the ADC chip. The calibration source is implemented as an on-chip circuit that generates calibration signals internally, eliminating the need for external synthesizers, power splitters, and other calibration equipment. This extraction principle resolves the contradiction by maintaining calibration accuracy while dramatically reducing setup complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The ADC performs calibration using its own internal resources - the on-chip calibration source generates test signals, the ADC channels process them, and the system automatically computes correction factors. This self-service approach eliminates human intervention and external equipment, resolving the contradiction between calibration accuracy and device complexity by making the ADC autonomous in its calibration process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Measurement precision

If external calibration equipment and human intervention are used, then calibration accuracy is improved, but productivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalibration accuracyVSAvoidcalibration efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The ADC system performs calibration autonomously using on-chip resources. The calibration source generates signals, the ADC channels process them, and the system automatically computes correction factors without human intervention. This self-service mechanism resolves the contradiction by maintaining calibration accuracy while dramatically improving productivity through automated, rapid calibration cycles.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The calibration functionality is built into the ADC chip design itself, with calibration sources and control circuits integrated beforehand. This preliminary preparation allows the ADC to perform calibration quickly and automatically when needed, resolving the contradiction by having calibration capability ready in advance rather than requiring external setup at calibration time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Device complexity

If on-chip calibration circuit is used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision may worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalibration setup simplicityVSAvoidcalibration accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the essential calibration signal generation function and places it on-chip, while maintaining the ADC's existing high-precision architecture. The on-chip calibration source is designed to generate accurate test signals that properly stress the ADC channels, ensuring that calibration measurements remain precise despite the simplified on-chip implementation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The calibration source is designed with specific local characteristics optimized for calibration purposes - generating signals at frequencies and amplitudes specifically suited for measuring ADC channel mismatches. This localized optimization ensures that despite the simplified on-chip implementation, the calibration measurements maintain high precision by using signal characteristics specifically tailored for the measurement task.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP4183049B1ADC self-calibration with on-chip circuit and method
Publication Date: 2024.07.03 CIENA CORP
  • EP4183049B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4183049B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4183049B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC, (5) includes a plurality of ADC channels (12, 14) connected to an in-service signal input (16) via an isolated power combiner (18); an on-chip circuit (10) including a calibration source (20) connected to the isolated power combiner (18); and one or more switches (28, 32) configured to switch the ADC (5) between an in-service mode and a calibration mode. The one or more switches (28, 32) are set such that, in the calibration mode, the in-service signal input (16) is disconnected and the on-chip circuit (10) is connected to the isolated power combiner (18), and, in the in- service mode, the in-service signal input (16) is connected and the on-chip circuit (10) is disconnected to the isolated power combiner (18). In the calibration mode, the on-chip circuit (10) is configured to provide a test signal to the plurality of ADC channels (12, 14) for a determination of interleave errors in the plurality of ADC channels (12, 14).