Air Brake Spring Failure Detection via Force Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for detecting spring failure in air brake systems are rudimentary and unreliable, often requiring physical inspection, which can lead to unattended failures causing air leakage and rendering vehicles inoperable.

Innovation Solution

A spring failure detection system comprising sensors coupled to the air brake cylinder to sense forces applied, including accelerometer, inertia, or impact switches, which indicate failure based on calibrated thresholds or vibration signatures, and a controller to communicate with indicators for real-time feedback.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If physical inspection methods are used to detect spring failure, then the system structure remains simple, but the detection reliability is insufficient and failures may go undetected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespring failure detection reliabilityVSAvoiddetection system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces manual physical inspection with automated sensor-based detection systems. Accelerometers, impact switches, and force sensors automatically monitor spring conditions, eliminating the need for manual inspection while significantly improving detection reliability and enabling continuous monitoring without increasing structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The detection system enables the air brake system to self-monitor its own condition through integrated sensors that continuously assess spring integrity. The system automatically detects and reports failures without requiring external inspection, allowing the system to serve its own monitoring needs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Object-affected harmful factors

If no detection system is installed, then the device complexity remains low, but air leakage and vehicle inoperability risks increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair leakage riskVSAvoiddetection system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements preliminary detection capabilities that identify spring failures before they cause air leakage or vehicle inoperability. Sensors monitor spring conditions continuously and provide early warning signals, allowing maintenance to be performed before catastrophic failure occurs, thus preventing harmful effects rather than just detecting them after occurrence.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The detection system incorporates feedback mechanisms where sensor data is processed and communicated to operators through indicators or control systems. This closed-loop feedback enables real-time monitoring and immediate response to spring failures, preventing air leakage and maintaining system operability by alerting operators to take corrective action before failures propagate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Measurement precision

If manual inspection methods are used, then the cost of the detection system remains low, but the detection precision and timeliness are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespring failure detection precisionVSAvoiddetection system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces imprecise manual inspection methods with electronic sensor-based measurement systems. Accelerometers and force sensors provide quantitative, precise measurements of spring conditions, detecting failures with high accuracy based on calibrated thresholds and vibration signatures, thereby significantly improving measurement precision over subjective manual assessment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes mechanical vibration characteristics of the spring as a detection mechanism. By monitoring vibration patterns, frequency, and amplitude through accelerometers, the system precisely detects spring failures based on changes in vibrational behavior, providing high-precision detection that exploits the inherent mechanical properties of the spring itself.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system efficiently and effectively detects spring failure, preventing vehicle inoperability by providing timely indication of spring failure, reducing the risk of air leakage and enabling proactive maintenance.

Implementation Method 1

A sensor is coupled to the air brake cylinder and is configured to sense forces applied to the air brake cylinder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAccelerometer: Accelerometer

Implementation Method 2

A sensor coupled to the air brake cylinder and configured to sense forces applied to the air brake cylinder, including accelerometer, inertia, or impact switches

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInertia: Inertia

Data Source

PatentEP3365209B1Apparatuses, systems, and methods for detecting air brake spring failure on a vehicle
Publication Date: 2020.12.02 TSE BRAKES INC
  • EP3365209B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3365209B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3365209B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Spring failure detection systems include an air brake cylinder having a spring axially extending therein, a sensor coupled to the air brake cylinder and configured to sense forces applied to the air brake cylinder, an indicator coupled to the sensor and configured to indicate failure of the spring based on the forces sensed by the sensor, and a controller in communication with the sensor and configured to control the indicator. Methods for detecting failure of a spring are also disclosed.