ALD Reactor Flow-Reversing Element for Pulse Sharpness

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing ALD reactor designs face challenges in achieving good flow dynamics and sharp pulses due to large, expensive, and fragile barrier pipe systems, which lead to CVD growth contamination and difficulties in packing and cleaning, especially when space is limited and multiple gas sources are involved.

Innovation Solution

The arrangement features a middle element with multiple parallel channels and flow-reversing elements that combine channels to provide interchannel flow, allowing for symmetrical and identical barrier channel shaping, easy cleaning, and adjustable feed and suction of inert barrier gas, minimizing corners and inner surfaces.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If traditional barrier pipe systems (glass lip pipes, groove plates, folded pipes) are used to prevent CVD growth, then CVD growth contamination is prevented, but the system becomes large, expensive, fragile, and difficult to clean

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveCVD growth contaminationVSAvoidbarrier pipe system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the barrier function from complex traditional pipe systems and implements it through a simple flow-reversing element that directs barrier gas flow. This removes the need for elaborate glass lip pipes, groove plates, and folded pipe structures while maintaining the CVD growth prevention function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The flow-reversing element provides a simple, inexpensive barrier mechanism compared to traditional glass lip pipes and groove plates. The design prioritizes functional simplicity and ease of cleaning over durability of complex structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple barrier grooves and barrier feeds are provided symmetrically for several starting materials, then multiple gas sources can be handled, but the number and size of plates increases and packing becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemultiple gas sources capabilityVSAvoidnumber of plates and fittings
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The flow-reversing element serves multiple functions: it acts as a barrier gas flow controller, a flow distributor, and a structural component for multiple gas sources. This single element replaces multiple plates and fittings, enabling versatile handling of several starting materials without increasing structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention merges the barrier gas flow paths for multiple gas sources into a single flow-reversing element structure. This consolidation reduces the number of separate plates and fittings needed while maintaining symmetric barrier capability for multiple starting materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If the post-barrier length of feed pipe or feed channel is reduced to prevent pulse tails, then CVD growth is prevented, but the system becomes more difficult to pack in small or flat space

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepulse tail contaminationVSAvoidspace required for barrier structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the pulse tail prevention function from long feed pipe structures and implements it through a compact flow-reversing element that creates the barrier effect locally. This eliminates the need for extended post-barrier feed pipes while maintaining pulse sharpness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The flow-reversing element creates the barrier effect in a different spatial dimension - by directing flow laterally through the element rather than requiring long axial pipe length. This allows compact packaging while maintaining the necessary barrier distance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

4Volume of moving object

If folded pipes are used to form flow paths in limited space, then space is saved, but cleaning becomes difficult and inspection is impossible

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespace occupied by flow pathsVSAvoidcleaning accessibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The flow-reversing element is designed as a discrete, accessible component that can be easily removed or accessed for cleaning. This segmentation separates the barrier function from the feed paths, allowing the element to be isolated for maintenance without disassembling complex folded pipe structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution ensures sharp pulses, prevents CVD growth, allows for homogeneous gas mixing, standardizes gas behavior, and facilitates easy maintenance and cleaning, while reducing the risk of contamination and improving material efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a first and a second flow-reversing element arranged at ends of the middle element into which the channels open, the flow-reversing elements being arranged to combine the channels in the middle element so as to provide an interchannel flow

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow:

Implementation Method 2

In the design of ALD reactors, it is important to achieve good flow dynamics and sharp pulses. In order to sharpen the pulses, a principle called inert gas valving is used wherein by an appropriate feed and flow of inert gas the flow of reaction gas to a substrate in the reaction chamber is prevented

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFlow dynamics control:

Data Source

PatentEP2294245B1Arrangement in connection with ALD reactor
Publication Date: 2014.11.26 BENEQ OY
  • EP2294245B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2294245B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2294245B1 patent drawingFigure 3~6

AI summary

The invention relates to an arrangement in connection with an ALD reactor comprising a reaction chamber, the arrangement comprising fittings for feeding a reaction gas to the reaction chamber (2) and for suctioning the reaction gas back, and fittings for feeding a barrier gas. The fittings for feeding and suctioning back the reaction gas and for feeding the barrier gas comprise a middle element (3) having multiple parallel channels (4 to 7) which extend through the element, and a first and a second flow-reversing element (8, 9) arranged at ends of the middle element (3) into which the channels (4 to 7) open, the flow- reversing elements (8, 9) being arranged to combine the channels in the middle element (3) so as to provide an interchannel flow.