AlSiC Stiffener and Sealing Structure for Lidless Package Warpage

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Solution Overview

Problem

Electronic component packages experience warpage due to temperature differentials caused by varying thermal coefficients of expansion, which is exacerbated by high power heat sources and liquid cooling solutions, posing challenges in maintaining structural integrity and thermal management in high-density server environments.

Innovation Solution

A weight-optimized stiffener made of AlSiC, with an irregularly shaped outer periphery and central aperture, is coupled to a substrate to provide warpage control, and combined with a top plate and O-ring sealing, enabling direct liquid cooling and minimizing thermal mass.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If a stiffener is added to control warpage, then warpage control is improved, but weight increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewarpage controlVSAvoidstiffener weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The stiffener is made from aluminum silicon carbide composite material, which combines the low density and high strength of aluminum with the high strength-to-weight ratio and dimensional stability of silicon carbide. This composite material provides effective warpage control while minimizing the weight increase that would result from using traditional solid metal stiffeners.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The stiffener features an irregularly shaped outer periphery with varying thickness distribution, concentrating material where structural support is most needed to control warpage while removing material from areas where it is less critical. This localized quality approach optimizes the balance between warpage control and weight reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Temperature

If liquid cooling is implemented, then thermal management is improved, but thermal expansion warpage worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal managementVSAvoidwarpage
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The aluminum silicon carbide composite stiffener has a coefficient of thermal expansion that can be tailored by adjusting the silicon carbide content and distribution. This allows the stiffener to better match the thermal expansion characteristics of the substrate and electronic components, reducing differential thermal expansion and associated warpage when liquid cooling is applied.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The stiffener design incorporates specific geometric parameters including irregular outer periphery, varying thickness, and central aperture configuration that are optimized to compensate for thermal expansion effects. These parameter changes allow the structure to maintain dimensional stability under the thermal loads imposed by liquid cooling systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Temperature

If a central aperture is added for cooling, then heat transfer is improved, but structural strength decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat transferVSAvoidstiffener strength
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The aluminum silicon carbide composite material provides high strength-to-weight ratio and exceptional structural integrity, allowing the inclusion of a central aperture for liquid cooling flow without significantly compromising the overall strength of the stiffener. The composite's inherent strength compensates for the stress concentration that would normally result from the aperture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The stiffener employs varying thickness distribution with material concentrated at the periphery and around the aperture boundary where structural strength is most needed, while the central region contains the aperture for cooling. This local quality differentiation maintains structural integrity while enabling effective heat transfer through the cooling channels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively controls warpage and enhances thermal management, allowing for efficient heat transfer and reduced weight, while maintaining structural integrity and compatibility with high-density server environments.

Implementation Method 1

Due to differences in the thermal coefficient of expansion (CTE) of the various package components, the electronic component package may warp as the temperature of the electronic component package changes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 2

Because liquid is many times better at storing and transferring heat than air, liquid cooling solutions can provide immediate and measurable benefits to compute efficiency, density and performance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP4398297B1Weight optimized stiffener and sealing structure for direct liquid cooled modules
Publication Date: 2026.04.01 GOOGLE LLC
  • EP4398297B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4398297B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2D
  • EP4398297B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A weight optimized stiffener for use in a semiconductor device is disclosed herein. In one example, the stiffener is made of AlSiC for its weight and thermal properties. An O-ring provides sealing between a top surface of the stiffener and a component of the semiconductor device and adhesive provides sealing between a bottom surface of the stiffener and another component of the semiconductor device. The stiffener provides warpage control for a lidless package while enabling direct liquid cooling of a chip or substrate.