Vehicle Alternator Control at Maximal Thermal Load

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrical generator systems face limitations in power output at high rotation frequencies and speeds due to thermal overload prevention methods, which restrict operation and fail to effectively manage step load responses.

Innovation Solution

A control unit is implemented to operate the electrical generator at maximal permitted thermal load by adjusting the rotor supply voltage based on rotation speed and ambient temperature, using pulse-width modulation and stored value tables to optimize power density and step load response.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the amp-turn ratio of the rotor coil is limited to prevent thermal overload, then the reliability of the generator is improved, but the electrical power output at higher rotation frequencies and speeds deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal overload preventionVSAvoidelectrical power output
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the amp-turn ratio adjustable rather than fixed. The control unit dynamically adapts the amp-turn ratio based on operating conditions (rotation frequency, temperature, cooling capacity), allowing the system to operate at higher power output when conditions permit while maintaining reliability when thermal limits are approached. This resolves the contradiction by enabling the system to transition between reliability-focused and power-focused operating modes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of amp-turn ratio from a fixed design constraint to a dynamically adjustable parameter. By modifying this key parameter based on real-time operating conditions (temperature, rotation speed, cooling capacity), the system can optimize both reliability and power output at different operating points, resolving the fixed trade-off between these two characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If the generator is designed with fixed rotor coil parameters, then the manufacturing simplicity is improved, but the step load response control deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverotor coil design simplicityVSAvoidstep load response control
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces dynamic control capability while maintaining simple fixed rotor coil parameters. The control unit dynamically adjusts the amp-turn ratio in response to load changes, enabling effective step load response control without requiring complex or variable rotor coil designs. This separates the simplicity of manufacturing (fixed coil parameters) from the complexity of control (dynamic adjustment).

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The control unit acts as an intermediary between the fixed rotor coil parameters and the variable load requirements. It mediates the control function by dynamically adjusting the amp-turn ratio based on load conditions, providing step load response control without modifying the physical rotor coil structure, thus maintaining manufacturing simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances power density and allows for more compact generator designs while improving step load response, particularly in batteryless systems, by operating the generator at higher thermal loads and adjusting voltages to maintain optimal performance.

Implementation Method 1

The electrical generator transforms mechanical energy which is supplied to the electrical generator by rotation the rotor unit relative to a stator unit at a given rotation speed into an electrical energy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

Due to thermal effects, the resistance of the rotor coil increases and leads to a lower current flow which in turn reduces the electrical output power

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3703244B1Method of operating an electrical generator
Publication Date: 2023.09.13 MAHLE INT GMBH
  • EP3703244B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method of operating an electrical generator (1), particularly an alternator for a vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a control unit (2) which is formed and/or programmed to perform the method according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electrical generator (1), particularly an alternator for a vehicle, which comprises such a control unit (2) which is formed and/or programmed to perform the method according to the invention. The present invention is based on the general concept that the electrical generator (1) is operated at the maximal permitted thermal load at rotation frequencies and/or rotation speeds higher than the critical rotation frequency and/or rotation speed.