Ammonia-Comprising Medium CO2 Absorber with Condenser Recovery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ammonia-based CO2 capture technologies face challenges in reducing energy and chemical consumption, operational costs, and ammonia loss, while also aiming to minimize environmental and health impacts from chemical emissions.
Innovation Solution
A process and system that involves contacting flue gas with an ammonia-comprising medium to absorb CO2, followed by condensing ammonia from the gas to reduce ammonia slip, and regenerating the medium to recycle and reuse it, thereby optimizing conditions for improved CO2 capture efficiency and reduced chemical emissions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If ammonia-based absorption is used to capture CO2 from flue gas, then CO2 capture efficiency is improved, but ammonia loss and chemical emissions increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements ammonia recovery by condensing ammonia from the flue gas stream after CO2 absorption. The condensed ammonia is then recycled back to the absorption process, thereby reducing ammonia loss while maintaining high CO2 capture efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates a feedback loop where ammonia is continuously recovered from the flue gas and returned to the absorption process. This closed-loop approach ensures optimal ammonia utilization and minimizes chemical emissions while sustaining effective CO2 capture.
2Quantity of substance
If regeneration of ammonia medium is performed by heating, then CO2 is released for storage, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes pressure changes as the primary mechanism for CO2 release during regeneration, rather than relying solely on thermal heating. By adjusting pressure parameters, the system achieves CO2 liberation with reduced energy input compared to conventional thermal regeneration methods.
3Productivity
If higher ammonia concentration is used in absorption medium, then CO2 absorption rate increases, but ammonia emissions to environment increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system recovers ammonia from the flue gas stream through condensation and returns it to the absorption medium, thereby maintaining high ammonia concentration for fast CO2 absorption while preventing ammonia emissions to the environment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful ammonia emissions into a beneficial resource by condensing and recycling the ammonia back into the absorption process, thus eliminating environmental harm while maintaining high absorption efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances CO2 capture efficiency, reduces energy and chemical consumption, minimizes ammonia loss, and lowers operational costs, while promoting environmental and health improvements by recycling ammonia and reducing emissions.
Implementation Method 1
contacting the flue gas of step (a) with an ammonia-comprising medium, to absorb CO2 from said flue gas
Implementation Method 2
CO2 is converted to ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate in dissolved or solid form
Implementation Method 3
condensing ammonia present in the flue gas leaving step (b), to remove ammonia from said flue gas
Data Source
AI summary
A process of removal of CO2 from a flue gas (2). The process comprises the steps of: a) providing a flue gas comprising CO2 (2), b) contacting the flue gas of step (a) with an ammonia-comprising medium (9), to absorb CO2 from said flue gas; and c) condensing ammonia (4) present in the flue gas leaving step (b), to remove ammonia from said flue gas. A system for removal of CO2 from a flue gas. A system for removal of CO2 from a flue gas. The system comprises a CO2 absorber (1) receiving the flue gas (2) and comprising an ammonia-comprising medium (9). The system further comprises an ammonia condenser (4) receiving flue gas (3) leaving the CO2 absorber.