Antitumoral Composition Using Zebrafish miRNAs for Cell Reprogramming
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer treatments primarily focus on eliminating cancerous cells through surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy, rather than addressing the underlying DNA damage, and there is a need for alternative strategies that can reprogram tumour cells to regain a healthy phenotype.
Innovation Solution
A composition of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) selected from Zebrafish miRNA sequences, particularly those at the gastrula stage, which inhibit tumour motility, invasiveness, and promote cell reprogramming by targeting genes involved in tumour de-differentiation and metastasis, potentially administered alone or combined with chemotherapy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional cancer treatments (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) are used to eliminate cancerous cells, then tumour removal is achieved, but the underlying DNA damage is not addressed and healthy cells are damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies this principle by using miRNAs to convert the harmful effect of tumour presence into a beneficial reprogramming process. Instead of eliminating cells through destructive means that harm healthy tissue, the miRNAs transform cancerous cells into healthy differentiated cells, turning the harmful tumour mass into a source of regenerative cellular transformation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/physical destruction methods (surgery, radiotherapy) and chemical poisoning (chemotherapy) with a molecular biological mechanism. miRNAs act at the epigenetic level to reprogram gene expression, substituting physical destruction with molecular-level reprogramming that specifically targets cancerous cells without damaging healthy tissue
2Reliability
If miRNA composition is used to reprogram tumour cells, then tumour reversion to healthy phenotype is achieved, but treatment complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the complex task of tumour reversion into specific functional modules. Different miRNAs are selected based on their specific targets: some miRNAs target oncogenes to induce apoptosis, others target genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition to reduce invasiveness, and others promote differentiation. This segmented approach allows complex reversion to be achieved through coordinated action of specialized molecular components
Solution Approach 2:
The patent demonstrates universality by showing that miRNAs can perform multiple functions simultaneously. The same miRNA composition can induce apoptosis in cancer cells, inhibit metastasis, promote differentiation, and reverse epigenetic changes all at once. This multi-functionality reduces treatment complexity compared to using separate therapies for each objective
3Productivity
If multiple miRNAs are combined for synergistic anti-cancer action, then treatment effectiveness is improved, but manufacturing and administration complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies merging by combining multiple miRNA sequences into a single compositional unit. The miRNAs are selected to work synergistically, targeting different aspects of cancer pathology simultaneously. This merging allows the complex multi-target therapy to be delivered as a unified composition, simplifying manufacturing and administration compared to delivering multiple separate therapeutic agents
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The miRNA composition effectively triggers apoptosis, reduces tumour proliferation, and promotes phenotypic conversion of cancer cells to a normal phenotype, enhancing treatment tolerability and overall patient well-being by inhibiting metastatic traits and improving survival rates.
Implementation Method 1
The miRNAs are incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and they induce gene silencing by overlapping with complementary sequences present on target messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. This link leads to translation suppression or degradation of the target molecule.
Implementation Method 2
The miRNAs are incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and they induce gene silencing by overlapping with complementary sequences present on target messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.
Implementation Method 3
Should the error be too serious, they are capable of inducing cell apoptosis, therefore eliminating the cell with error.
Implementation Method 4
This is due to the epigenetics (a branch of science that studies the mechanisms and interactions with which various genes can be regulated, by activating or deactivating them) underlying the phenomenon of tumour reversion.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a composition comprising microRNA for use in the treatment of tumours, dietary supplements and/or novel foods and/or drugs that include said composition.