Multielectrode Array Impedance Measurement for Biological Samples
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Multielectrode array devices are limited to detecting extracellular action potentials and lack the capability to measure impedances of biological samples such as cells and biological slices.
Innovation Solution
An impedance measurement apparatus utilizing a multielectrode array device with a measurement container, first electrodes arranged in an array on the bottom surface, a second and third electrode, a voltage application circuit, a current detection circuit, and a voltage detection circuit, along with a calculation unit to calculate impedance based on detected current and voltage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a multielectrode array device is used for detection of extracellular action potentials, then the device structure is established, but the capability to measure impedances of biological samples is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies multi-functionality by enabling the multielectrode array device to perform both extracellular action potential detection and impedance measurement of biological samples. The measurement container is designed with electrode arrangements that support multiple measurement modes, allowing the same device structure to serve dual purposes without requiring separate specialized equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the measurement function by introducing separate voltage application circuits, current detection circuits, and voltage detection circuits that can be selectively activated. This allows the impedance measurement capability to be added through modular circuit components rather than redesigning the entire device structure.
2Volume of moving object
If electrodes are arranged in array on bottom surface and concentrated configuration is used, then device size is reduced, but measurement accuracy may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by optimizing the electrode arrangement on the bottom surface with specific spacing and positioning patterns. The first electrodes are arranged in arrays with controlled pitch, and the second and third electrodes are positioned at specific locations to ensure accurate impedance measurement while maintaining a compact footprint.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional three-dimensional electrode spacing to a two-dimensional array configuration on the bottom surface. This dimensional change allows multiple measurement points to be packed more densely while maintaining measurement accuracy through the use of multiple electrodes in the array that can be selectively activated.
3Measurement precision
If three-terminal method is used for impedance measurement, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the voltage application function and current detection function into an integrated measurement system using the multielectrode array. The three-terminal method is implemented by combining the voltage application circuit that applies voltage between first and second electrodes with the current detection circuit that detects current through the same electrodes, eliminating the need for separate independent measurement systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the measurement of impedance of biological samples using a three-terminal method, reducing device size and improving measurement accuracy by concentrating electrodes on the bottom surface and allowing for impedance calculation based on phase difference.
Implementation Method 1
applying an alternating voltage between at least one of a plurality of first electrodes and a second electrode
Implementation Method 2
detecting current flowing through the first electrode(s)
Implementation Method 3
detecting a voltage between the first electrode(s) and a third electrode
Implementation Method 4
calculating an impedance of a target object in accordance with the current detected by the operation b) and the voltage detected by the operation c)
Data Source
AI summary
A technique is provided that allows use of a multielectrode array device to measure the impedances of biological samples. An impedance measurement apparatus includes a measurement container, a plurality of first electrodes, a second electrode, a third electrode, a voltage application circuit, a current detection circuit, and a voltage detection circuit. The first electrodes are arranged in an array on the bottom surface of the measurement container. The second electrode and the third electrode are located inside the measurement container. The voltage application circuit applies a voltage between each first electrode and the second electrode. The current detection circuit detects current flowing through each first electrode. The voltage detection circuit detects a voltage between each first electrode and the third electrode.