Array-Substrate Common Electrodes Avoid Gate-Line Overlap
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional liquid crystal display technologies face challenges with low aperture ratio, high load on gate lines, and non-uniform liquid crystal alignment due to the positioning of gate signal lines and storage electrodes, which affect image quality and resolution.
Innovation Solution
The array substrate design includes gate lines and data lines intersecting to form pixel areas with larger length in one direction, featuring a gate insulation layer, passivation layer, and pixel electrodes that cover gate lines, reducing the need for Black Matrix and increasing spacing between gate lines and pixel electrodes, thus lowering load capacitance and improving charging efficiency and aperture ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If shielding elements are arranged on the color filter substrate side to avoid uncontrollable emergent light, then liquid crystal disorder is prevented, but aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of placing shielding elements on the color filter substrate side, the patent inverts the approach by positioning the common electrode on the array substrate side to provide shielding. This reversal eliminates the need for Black Matrix shielding elements while maintaining liquid crystal alignment uniformity, thereby improving aperture ratio without compromising reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the shielding function from the color filter substrate side and relocates it to the array substrate side through the common electrode. This separation allows the color filter substrate to focus on color display while the array substrate handles both driving and shielding functions, eliminating the need for Black Matrix and improving aperture ratio
2Area of stationary object
If gate lines and pixel electrodes are positioned closely, then device area is reduced, but load capacitance on gate lines increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a common electrode as an intermediary element between gate lines and pixel electrodes. This common electrode serves as a mediator that provides shielding and electrical reference, allowing gate lines to be positioned closer to pixel electrodes without increasing load capacitance, as the common electrode isolates the electrical interaction
3Object-affected harmful factors
If Black Matrix is used for shielding, then emergent light is controlled, but aperture ratio is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the shielding function from the Black Matrix and relocates it to the common electrode on the array substrate side. This extraction eliminates the need for Black Matrix shielding elements that block light, replacing them with an electrical shielding mechanism that does not interfere with light transmission, thereby improving aperture ratio while maintaining control over emergent light
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/optical shielding system (Black Matrix) with an electrical field-based shielding system (common electrode). Instead of using opaque materials to block light, the common electrode uses electrical fields to control liquid crystal alignment and prevent emergent light, transforming the shielding mechanism from optical to electrical domain
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the aperture ratio by approximately 40% and improves liquid crystal alignment, resulting in higher resolution and finer image quality by reducing the load on gate lines and eliminating uncontrollable emergent light, while maintaining efficient charging and storage capacitance.
Implementation Method 1
a gate insulation layer, a passivation layer, and a pixel electrode layer with a plurality of pixel electrodes are arranged sequentially above the gate lines
Implementation Method 2
avoid uncontrollable emergent light from being leaked because the liquid crystal is disordered by a disordered electric field proximate to data lines or gate lines
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides an array substrate, a display panel and a display device, and the array substrate includes: an insulation substrate, gate lines arranged on the insulation substrate to extend in a first direction, and data lines arranged on the insulation substrate to extend in a second direction, and to be insulated from the gate lines, the gate lines intersect with the data lines to define a plurality of pixel areas, each pixel area has a larger length in the first direction than that in the second direction, where the array substrate further includes a plurality of common electrodes, and a projection of each of the plurality of common electrodes on the insulation substrate and a projection of each of the gate lines on the insulation substrate do not overlap with each other.