Chip-Scale Atomic Clock via Nested Lens Cavity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current technologies lack a reliable and economical method for precise tracking and authentication of individuals and assets within defined spatial boundaries, especially in national borders and secure areas, and for IoT devices to self-locate indoors and outdoors.
Innovation Solution
The development of chip-scale solid-state miniature atomic clocks (SMACs) integrated with GRL Devices, which use molecular spin states and precise timing to enable self-location, authentication, and tracking through trilateration and triangulation methods, combined with security features like UUIDs, secret keys, and data hashing algorithms.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional atomic clocks are used for precise timekeeping, then timing accuracy is improved, but device size and manufacturing cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent embeds the active imaging sensor array within the hollow interior cavity of the imaging lens assembly. The sensor array is positioned coaxially with the lens, utilizing the optical path created by the lens structure itself. This nested configuration allows the timing and imaging functions to share the same physical space, dramatically reducing overall device size while maintaining atomic clock precision through the molecular spin state detection mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple functions into a single integrated device: the imaging lens assembly serves both as an optical element for capturing images and as a housing structure containing the sensor array and atomic clock mechanism. The hollow interior of the lens assembly is utilized to house the sensor array, merging the optical system with the detection system. This consolidation eliminates the need for separate housings and mounting structures, reducing device complexity and size while preserving timing accuracy.
2Device complexity
If molecular spin states are used for atomic clock operation, then device miniaturization is achieved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs an asymmetric configuration where the sensor array is positioned offset from the optical axis by a predetermined distance, creating a specific geometric relationship between the lens aperture, sensor array, and molecular sample chamber. This asymmetric design allows for relaxed manufacturing tolerances compared to a perfectly symmetric arrangement, as the offset positioning can be achieved with standard machining capabilities while still maintaining the necessary optical paths for molecular spin state detection and timing accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates preliminary alignment features during the manufacturing process, such as precision-machined mounting surfaces and registration marks on the lens assembly and sensor array components. These pre-built alignment references enable accurate positioning of the sensor array relative to the lens aperture without requiring complex post-assembly adjustments. The hollow interior of the lens assembly is designed with predetermined dimensional relationships that guide the placement of internal components, reducing the need for high-precision field alignment.
3Device complexity
If passive imaging sensors are used, then device simplicity is maintained, but active imaging sensors provide additional functional benefits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the active imaging sensor array to serve multiple functions: it detects molecular spin states for atomic clock operation, captures images for visual identification and authentication, and can potentially detect other physical or chemical properties of the target object. This multi-functional sensor array eliminates the need for separate detection and imaging systems, maintaining device simplicity while significantly enhancing adaptability and versatility. The same sensor hardware supports both timekeeping and imaging applications, making the device suitable for diverse security and identification scenarios.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise and secure tracking and authentication of individuals and assets, providing accurate location data and environmental conditions, while allowing IoT devices to determine their location without GPS, enhancing security and operational efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a collection of nitrogen-doped fullerene molecules could be used create an atomic clock based on molecular spin states
Data Source
AI summary
Solid-state miniature atomic clock (SMAC) within the form factor of an integrated circuit chip (aka microchip) or flexible device. The present invention includes architectures and methods of manufacture of SMACs. SMACs may include one or more vias, with some or all of the vias containing or other material suitable for an antenna. In addition, the SMAC may include a heating device for temperature stabilization.