Train Control Balise Power Consumption Reduction via Request-Driven Signal Transmission

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing train control systems face high power consumption and the need for external energy supplies, leading to increased costs and complexity, especially when continuous data signal transmission is required without an external power source.

Innovation Solution

A method where the data signal from the trackside electronic unit is transmitted only when requested by the balise, using a request signal to activate the transmission, reducing power requirements and allowing for alternative energy sources, such as autonomous or energy-harvested power, and decoupling energy from the signal stream.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the data signal is continuously transmitted from the trackside electronic unit to the balise, then the data transmission reliability is improved, but the power consumption increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmission reliabilityVSAvoidpower consumption of trackside electronic unit
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic action by transmitting the data signal only during specific time intervals when a vehicle antenna is detected and activates the balise, rather than continuous transmission. The trackside electronic unit receives an activation signal from the vehicle antenna, which triggers the balise to request data, and only then transmits the data signal periodically during these activation events.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs self-service mechanisms where the balise automatically requests data from the trackside electronic unit when activated by a vehicle antenna, and the trackside unit responds only when needed. This eliminates the need for continuous monitoring and transmission control, allowing the system to operate efficiently with minimal power consumption while maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Use of energy by moving object

If external power supply and cable installations are provided for the trackside electronic unit, then the power requirement is satisfied, but the installation cost and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply availabilityVSAvoidinstallation cost and complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The trackside electronic unit is designed to operate autonomously using energy harvested from the electromagnetic field generated by passing trains. The unit contains an energy harvesting device that converts electromagnetic energy from train antennas into electrical energy, eliminating the need for external power supplies, cables, or complex installation infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the traditional mechanical/electrical power supply system (cables, external power sources) with an electromagnetic energy harvesting system. The trackside electronic unit captures energy wirelessly from the electromagnetic field of passing trains through electromagnetic induction, substituting physical cable installations with a contactless energy transfer mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Use of energy by moving object

If the data signal is transmitted only when requested, then the power consumption is reduced, but the data transmission response time may increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoiddata transmission response time
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary action by continuously monitoring for vehicle antennas and activation signals. When a vehicle approaches and its antenna is detected, the system is already in a ready state to immediately transmit data upon balise request, eliminating cold-start delays. The trackside electronic unit maintains readiness for data transmission by detecting approaching vehicles in advance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Significantly reduces the power consumption of the train control device, enabling the use of alternative energy sources and eliminating the need for costly cable installations, while maintaining reliable data transmission.

Implementation Method 1

The activation signal is preferably the so-called 'tele-powering signal' which is defined in the previously mentioned specification of the Eurobalise and is transmitted via the so-called 'A' interface ('A' interface). According to the specification, this is transmitted at a frequency of around 27.095 MHz and is used to activate and supply power to the balise for transmission of the data signal to the on-board antenna.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

the request signal is transmitted to the trackside electronic unit in the form of a periodic load modulation of the energy supply signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLoad modulation: Phase Modulation

Data Source

PatentEP2406117B1Method for operating a train control device, trackside electronic unit and balise for a train control device and train control device
Publication Date: 2012.11.28 SIEMENS AG
  • EP2406117B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

The invention relates to a particularly flexible and simultaneously cost-effective method for operating a train control device, wherein a data signal (DS) is selected by a trackside electronic unit (LEU) in dependence on a signal aspect and transferred to a balise (B) arranged in the track, a request signal (AS) is transferred to the trackside electronic unit (LEU) from the balise (B) during receiving of an activation signal emitted from a vehicle-side antenna and the data signal (DS) is transferred from the trackside electronic unit (LEU) for the duration of the receiving of the request signal (AS) to the balise (B). The invention further relates to a trackside electronic unit (LEU) and a balise (B) for a train control device and to a train control device.