Battery Casing Fire Protection Plate for Thermal Runaway Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
The safety performance of battery casings used in electric vehicles is compromised due to thermal runaway of mono-batteries, leading to potential fires and structural damage, which threatens vehicle safety and requires improvement.
Innovation Solution
A battery casing design incorporating a fire protection plate with a thermal aerosol fire protection layer containing an aerosol generating agent, where the total mass of the agent and free space volume satisfy a specific ratio, effectively extinguishes and prevents re-ignition of fires, maintaining high safety performance without significantly increasing volume or weight.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a fire protection plate with aerosol generating agent is added to the battery casing, then the fire safety performance is improved, but the volume and weight of the battery casing increase
Solution Approach 1:
The fire protection plate is designed as a thin plate structure with aerosol generating agents distributed within, allowing effective fire protection while occupying minimal volume within the battery casing
Solution Approach 2:
The fire protection plate is strategically positioned at specific locations within the battery casing where fire risk is highest, providing localized fire protection rather than uniform distribution throughout the entire casing volume
2Reliability
If a fire protection plate with aerosol generating agent is added to the battery casing, then the fire safety performance is improved, but the weight of the battery casing increases
Solution Approach 1:
The thin plate structure minimizes material usage while maintaining fire protection functionality, reducing the weight penalty compared to bulk fire protection materials
Solution Approach 2:
The aerosol generating agents are used in optimized quantities and formulations that provide effective fire suppression while minimizing the mass of protective materials required
3Reliability
If the ratio of aerosol generating agent mass to free space volume is increased, then the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved, but the gas production increases causing excessive pressure in the casing body
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the mass-to-volume ratio parameter of the aerosol generating agent to achieve the minimum effective concentration for fire suppression (0.03 g/L) while maintaining safe pressure levels, avoiding both under-protection and over-pressurization
Solution Approach 2:
The system design incorporates understanding of the relationship between aerosol agent quantity and pressure generation, allowing optimization of the ratio to achieve fire protection at the threshold of effectiveness without exceeding safe pressure limits
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively extinguishes open fires and retards re-ignition within the battery casing, enhancing safety performance while maintaining high volume and weight energy density, thereby improving the overall safety and reliability of electric vehicle batteries.
Implementation Method 1
a thermal aerosol fire protection layer which includes an aerosol generating agent
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure discloses a battery casing, a method for manufacturing the same, and a device including a battery casing. A battery casing includes a casing body, a plurality of battery cells accommodated in the casing body, and a fire protection plate which is disposed inside the casing body at least corresponding to the plurality of battery cells and includes a thermal aerosol fire protection layer which includes an aerosol generating agent, wherein a total mass A of the aerosol generating agent in the casing body and a free space volume B of the casing body satisfy a relationship as represented by 0.03 g/L≤A/B≤8 g/L.