Battery Cell Swelling Control With Elastic Chambers And Gas Venting

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Solution Overview

Problem

The expansion of the battery core during charging and discharging affects the safety performance of the battery, leading to issues such as reduced porosity of electrode sheets, lithium plating, and the risk of short circuits.

Innovation Solution

A battery cell design with a protective member separating the housing into two chambers, featuring an elastic member that compresses and stretches with the battery core's expansion and contraction, and gas-permeable components for one-way gas exchange, allowing gas to be discharged outside the battery.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If the battery core is allowed to expand freely during charging, then the battery core can accommodate volume changes, but the expansion affects safety performance and causes electrode sheet porosity reduction

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebattery core volume stabilityVSAvoidbattery safety performance

Core Design Contradiction:

Stability of the object's compositionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The housing is divided into a first chamber for the battery core and a second chamber for the elastic member, separated by a protective member. This segmentation allows the battery core to expand into the second chamber while being contained, preventing direct impact on safety without restricting necessary volume changes.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

An elastic member is pre-installed in the second chamber to provide cushioning force against the protective member. When the battery core expands, the elastic member compresses and absorbs the expansion stress, preventing harmful effects on the battery core and maintaining safety performance.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

2Stability of the object's composition

If the elastic member directly contacts the battery core to provide support, then the battery core stability is improved, but the elastic member may be corroded by electrolytic solution and damage the battery core

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebattery core stabilityVSAvoidelectrolytic solution corrosion

Core Design Contradiction:

Stability of the object's compositionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A protective member is introduced as an intermediary barrier between the elastic member and the battery core. This protective member allows the elastic member to provide support and cushioning forces while preventing direct contact with the electrolytic solution, thus avoiding corrosion and potential damage to the battery core.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Quantity of substance

If gas is allowed to accumulate in the housing during battery operation, then gas generation is natural, but gas affects electrode sheet interfaces and battery performance

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvegas discharge capabilityVSAvoidbattery performance

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A gas-permeable component is installed in the protective member to extract and remove gas from the first chamber. This component allows gas to pass through while blocking electrolytic solution, continuously removing generated gas to prevent it from affecting electrode sheet interfaces and maintaining battery performance.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Stability of the object's composition

If the housing structure is made rigid to maintain overall volume, then volume stability is improved, but the battery core expansion causes internal stress and performance deterioration

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvehousing volume stabilityVSAvoidbattery performance

Core Design Contradiction:

Stability of the object's compositionVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The protective member acts as a flexible barrier between the rigid housing and the expanding battery core. It allows the battery core to expand into the second chamber while maintaining the overall housing volume stability, preventing internal stress accumulation and performance deterioration through controlled deformation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design maintains the stability of the battery's overall volume, prevents gas from affecting electrode interfaces, and ensures the battery's performance by absorbing swelling stress and discharging generated gas in real time.

Implementation Method 1

an elastic member disposed in the second chamber and located between the housing and the protective member, the protective member being configured such that the elastic member is compressed with expansion of the battery core and stretches with contraction of the battery core

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

a first gas-permeable component mounted on the protective member and configured for one-way communication between the first chamber and the second chamber to enable gas in the first chamber to enter the second chamber through the first gas-permeable component; and a second gas-permeable component mounted on the housing and configured for one-way communication between the second chamber and an outer space of the housing to enable gas in the second chamber to be discharged out of the housing through the second gas-permeable component

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectGas permeation: Permeation

Data Source

PatentEP4318740B1Battery cell, battery, electrical device, and battery cell manufacturing method

Publication Date: 2025.11.05 CONTEMPORARY AMPEREX TECHNOLOGY (HONG KONG) LIMITED

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AI summary

Provided are a battery cell (20), a battery (100), an electrical device, and a battery cell (20) manufacturing method. The battery cell (20) comprises a housing (1), a protective member (4), a battery core (5), an elastic member (6), a first air-permeable member (7) and a second air-permeable member (3). The protective member (4) is mounted on the inner wall of the housing (1), and separates the interior space of the housing (1) into a first chamber and a second chamber. The battery core (5) is arranged inside the first chamber. The elastic member (6) is arranged inside the second chamber and is located between the housing (1) and the protective member (4). The protective member (4) is configured to allow the elastic member (6) to be compressed as the battery core (5) expands, and to extend as the battery core (5) shrinks. The first air-permeable member (7) is mounted on the protective member (4), and is used for one-way communication between the first chamber and the second chamber, such that air inside the first chamber is able to pass through the first air-permeable member (7) to enter the second chamber. The second air-permeable member (3) is mounted on the housing (1), and is used for one-way communication between the second chamber and the outside space of the housing (1), such that air inside the second chamber is able to pass through the second air-permeable member (3) to be released out of the housing (1).