Battery Cell Cover Assembly Channels for Thermal Runaway Gas Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cells face safety issues due to the accumulation of gas during thermal runaway, which can lead to explosions, as the gas is not effectively released through the pressure relief mechanism, posing a risk to the battery's stability and safety.
Innovation Solution
A battery cell design featuring a cover assembly with a recessed portion and channels that facilitate the release of gas into the space between the electrode assembly and casing, allowing the gas to act on a pressure relief mechanism, thereby reducing the risk of explosion and improving safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If gas accumulates in the first recessed portion during thermal runaway, then the pressure relief mechanism cannot be effectively activated, but this leads to explosion risk at the cover assembly
Solution Approach 1:
The first channel acts as an intermediary pathway that mediates between the first recessed portion (where gas accumulates) and the space between the electrode assembly and casing (where gas can act on the pressure relief mechanism). This intermediary structure enables safe gas transfer and activation of the pressure relief mechanism without direct exposure to the explosion-prone recessed portion.
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful gas is extracted from the first recessed portion through the first channel and redirected to the space between the electrode assembly and casing. This extraction removes the dangerous accumulation from the vulnerable recessed portion and relocates it to a safer area where the pressure relief mechanism can effectively respond.
2Strength
If the first recessed portion is sealed to protect the tab portion, then structural integrity is improved, but gas cannot escape and pressure builds up leading to explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The cover assembly exhibits local quality differentiation: the first recessed portion maintains structural integrity for protecting the tab portion, while the first channel provides a localized escape pathway for gas. This localized opening does not compromise the overall structural strength but enables pressure relief where needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The cover assembly is segmented into functional zones: the first recessed portion for structural protection, the first channel for gas transport, and the space between electrode assembly and casing for pressure relief. This segmentation allows each zone to perform its specific function without compromising the others.
3Reliability
If gas is rapidly released from the battery cell, then safety is improved by preventing explosion, but the pressure relief mechanism must be precisely controlled to avoid premature activation
Solution Approach 1:
The first channel is pre-configured to guide gas flow toward the pressure relief mechanism, ensuring that when the threshold is reached, the gas is already positioned to activate the mechanism. This preliminary arrangement of gas flow path eliminates delays and ensures rapid response without requiring complex control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The pressure relief mechanism is designed to automatically activate when gas pressure reaches the threshold, without requiring external control. The gas itself serves to activate the mechanism by acting on it through the first channel, creating a self-regulating safety system that responds precisely at the designed threshold.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively lowers the increasing rate of air pressure and reduces gas accumulation, enhancing the safety performance by ensuring timely release of high-temperature and high-pressure substances, thus mitigating the risk of explosion.
Implementation Method 1
the cover assembly is provided with at least one first channel for communicating the space between the electrode assembly and the casing with the first recessed portion, so as to introduce the gas in the first recessed portion into the space between the electrode assembly and the casing
Implementation Method 2
a pressure relief mechanism which is actuated to relieve an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a threshold value
Data Source
AI summary
The application provides a battery cell, a manufacturing method and a manufacturing system therefor, a battery and an electric device. The battery cell in one embodiment of the application includes a casing having an opening and provided with a pressure relief mechanism which is actuated to relieve an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a threshold value; an electrode assembly accommodated in the casing, and including a body portion and a tab portion protruding therefrom; and a cover assembly for covering the opening. A first recessed portion is formed on one side, abutting against the body portion and facing the electrode assembly, of the cover assembly. The cover assembly is provided with at least one first channel. The first channel can reduce the gas accumulated between the electrode assembly and the cover assembly, thereby reducing the safety risk.