Lithium Battery Heat Suppression Layer for Thermal Runaway Safety

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing rechargeable lithium batteries face challenges in achieving excellent safety while maintaining fast charging capabilities and physical properties such as capacity.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a heat suppression layer between the electrode assembly and the battery case, which includes compounds such as FeF3, TiO2, and MnO2 that suppress heat generation, along with a binder, to enhance safety and control thermal runaway.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a heat suppression layer is added between the electrode assembly and battery case, then battery safety is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery safetyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The battery structure is segmented by introducing a heat suppression layer as a separate functional component between the electrode assembly and battery case. This layer is composed of multiple compounds (first compound from TiO2, Fe2O3, MnO2, Co3O4, MoO3 and second compound from FeF3, FeF2, CuF2, MoCl5, NiF2, FeCl3, CoF3, CoF2, MnF3, NbF3, TiF4, ZnF2, BiF3, SeO2, CuO, CuO2, P2S5, P4S7, NiS2, CoS2, FeS2, SiS2, V2O5, S8) that work together to suppress heat generation and control thermal runaway, thereby improving safety without requiring complete redesign of the battery system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The heat suppression layer acts as an intermediary component between the electrode assembly and battery case. It mediates thermal energy transfer by absorbing and suppressing heat generation through the chemical compounds contained within it, preventing direct heat transfer that could lead to thermal runaway and explosions, thus enhancing safety while maintaining the existing battery structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Quantity of substance

If battery capacity is increased, then energy storage is improved, but safety is worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery capacityVSAvoidsafety
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The heat suppression layer converts the harmful effect of heat generation into a beneficial controlled process. The compounds in the layer (particularly FeF3, FeF2, CuF2, MoCl5, NiF2, FeCl3, CoF3, CoF2, MnF3, NbF3, TiF4, ZnF2, BiF3, SeO2, CuO, CuO2, P2S5, P4S7, NiS2, CoS2, FeS2, SiS2, V2O5, S8) undergo controlled chemical reactions that absorb excess heat and prevent uncontrolled thermal runaway, allowing higher capacity batteries to maintain safety

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The heat suppression layer utilizes composite materials combining multiple compounds with complementary properties. The first compounds (TiO2, Fe2O3, MnO2, Co3O4, MoO3) provide base heat suppression, while the second compounds (FeF3, FeF2, CuF2, MoCl5, NiF2, FeCl3, CoF3, CoF2, MnF3, NbF3, TiF4, ZnF2, BiF3, SeO2, CuO, CuO2, P2S5, P4S7, NiS2, CoS2, FeS2, SiS2, V2O5, S8) enhance the heat suppression effect and control thermal runaway, creating a synergistic safety system that protects high-capacity batteries

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The implementation of the heat suppression layer significantly reduces the maximum exothermic temperature during penetration, thereby enhancing battery safety and preventing explosions or fires.

Implementation Method 1

a heat suppression layer between the electrode assembly and the battery case, wherein the heat suppression layer includes a compound that suppresses heat generation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

the heat suppression layer includes a compound that suppresses heat generation, the compound being selected from FeF3, FeF2, CuF2, MoCl5, NiF2, FeCl3, CoF3, CoF2, MnF3, NbF3, TiF4, ZnF2, BiF3, SeO2, CuO, CuO2, P2S5, P4S7, NiS2, CoS2, FeS2, SiS2, V2O5, S8, or a combination thereof

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEndothermic reaction: Endothermic Reaction

Data Source

PatentEP4560756A1Rechargeable lithium battery
Publication Date: 2025.05.28 SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD
  • EP4560756A1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP4560756A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4560756A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed is a rechargeable lithium battery. The rechargeable lithium battery includes an electrode assembly; a battery case housing the electrode assembly; and a heat suppression layer between the electrode assembly and the battery case, wherein the heat suppression layer includes a compound that suppresses heat generation, the compound being selected from FeFs, FeF2, CuF2, MoCl5, NiF2, FeCl3, CoFs, CoF2, MnFs, NbFs, TiF4, ZnF2, BiFs, SeO2, CuO, CuO2, P2S5, P4S7, NiS2, CoS2, FeS2, SiS2, V2O5, S8, or a combination thereof.