Battery Heating Switch Control for Low-Temperature Fast Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lead-acid batteries used in light electric vehicles (LEVs) face challenges in operating reliably in extreme temperatures and require fast charging capabilities, while lithium-ion batteries offer improved energy efficiency but need temperature management solutions.
Innovation Solution
A battery system with a heating element and control mechanism that adjusts power supply based on cell temperature, using a microcontroller to manage heating and charging switches to maintain optimal temperature conditions for lithium-ion batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If lithium-ion batteries are used to improve energy efficiency, then energy efficiency is improved, but temperature management becomes necessary to ensure reliable operation in extreme temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The heating element is activated before charging when the battery temperature is below the first reference temperature, pre-warming the battery to ensure it reaches optimal operating temperature before the charging process begins, thus preventing temperature-related charging issues
Solution Approach 2:
The controller continuously monitors battery temperature and adjusts the heating element activation and charging process accordingly. When temperature exceeds the second reference temperature, charging is stopped and heating is deactivated, creating a closed-loop temperature management system that ensures reliable operation
2Productivity
If fast charging at 1C-rate or higher is implemented to enhance usability, then charging speed is improved, but temperature control becomes critical to prevent battery deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary temperature assessment before initiating fast charging. If the battery temperature is below the first reference temperature, the heating element is activated first to warm the battery, ensuring that fast charging only begins when temperature conditions are suitable, thus preventing temperature-induced deterioration
Solution Approach 2:
During fast charging, the controller continuously monitors battery temperature. When the temperature exceeds the second reference temperature, the controller stops charging and deactivates the heating element, preventing overheating and battery deterioration while allowing fast charging to proceed when conditions are favorable
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures reliable operation of lithium-ion batteries in extreme temperatures and enables fast charging without risking deterioration, by dynamically controlling heating and charging processes.
Implementation Method 1
supply heating power from the charger to the heating element
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a battery system including a battery management module, a battery module, and a controller. The battery management module includes a main switch between an external terminal and a battery terminal, and a heating switch between the external terminal and a heating terminal. The battery module includes a cell, a heating element, and a control switch connected to the heating element. The controller is configured to detect a connection with a charger, detect a temperature of the cell, when the temperature is lower than a first value, turn off the main switch and turn on the heating switch and the control switch to supply heating power from the charger to the heating element, and when the temperature becomes higher than a second value by the heating element, turn off the heating switch and turn on the main switch to supply charging power from the charger to the cell.