Battery Housing Rupture Cap for Controlled Extinguishing Fluid Entry
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery fire extinguishing methods for electric or hybrid vehicles lack precise control over the introduction of extinguishing fluids, leading to potential premature release of fumes and fire into the vehicle interior during a fire, compromising passenger safety and being difficult to manage high temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A battery housing with a rupture cap designed to break under controlled overpressure, allowing for precise timing of extinguishing fluid introduction, featuring a stainless steel rupture cap and supports, and a fixing system that includes a seal and stud-nut configuration for secure sealing and electromagnetic shielding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a hatch blocking means is used to allow extinguishing fluid introduction, then the battery can be quenched, but the opening cannot be precisely controlled leading to premature release of fumes and fire
Solution Approach 1:
The rupture cap is designed to change its mechanical state (from intact to ruptured) in response to a specific parameter threshold (overpressure). The cap remains intact under normal pressure conditions but automatically ruptures when the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold, providing precise control over the opening timing without manual intervention or premature activation.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the housing remains sealed during battery fire, then fumes and fire are contained, but the high temperatures cannot be withstood indefinitely
Solution Approach 1:
The rupture cap serves as a controlled extraction point that allows the housing to release pressure in a controlled manner when temperature and pressure thresholds are exceeded. Instead of the entire housing failing under high temperature, the cap is specifically designed to be the weak point that opens to relieve internal pressure, protecting the rest of the housing structure while still containing fumes and fire until controlled release is necessary.
3Measurement precision
If a rupture cap is designed to break under overpressure, then precise control of opening is achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The rupture cap is designed as a self-activating device that automatically responds to overpressure conditions without requiring external control systems, sensors, or actuators. The cap's structural design inherently provides the precise opening control through its material properties and geometric configuration, allowing it to rupture at a predetermined pressure threshold while maintaining relatively simple overall device architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents fumes and fire from entering the vehicle interior for an extended period, enhancing passenger safety by allowing controlled fluid introduction and withstanding high temperatures, while also providing efficient electromagnetic shielding.
Implementation Method 1
the rupture cap being configured to break when an overpressure is exerted on its outer surface situated on the outside of the housing
Data Source
AI summary
A housing for a battery includes an envelope and at least one rupture device provided with a rupture cap. The rupture device is mounted at the location of an opening formed in the envelope. The rupture cap breaks when an excess pressure is exerted on its outer surface situated on the outer side of the housing.