Battery Pack Venting Layout for Gas Accumulation and Heat Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery packs with gas release valves face issues in accumulating released gas while preventing other battery cells from overheating, as the gas pressure increase leads to premature release of harmful components outside the pack.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring a housing with a first storage space for battery modules and a second storage space for electrical units, where the second space has a duct that communicates with the outside, equipped with a closing member that opens to release gas only when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value, allowing gas accumulation and minimizing heat transfer to other cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If gas is released from battery cells through gas release valves, then the internal pressure of battery cells is reduced, but the gas pressure in the exhaust path rises causing premature opening of the gas release duct lid
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a gas bag as an intermediary component between the battery cells and the exhaust path. The gas bag receives gas from multiple battery cells through gas release valves and accumulates it internally, delaying the pressure transmission to the exhaust path. This mediator allows gas accumulation without causing premature opening of the gas release duct lid
Solution Approach 2:
The gas bag is nested within the housing structure, specifically positioned in the first storage space among the battery cells. The gas bag is contained within the overall battery pack structure, utilizing the existing spatial arrangement of battery cells and housing to accommodate the gas accumulation function without adding external components
2Quantity of substance
If gas is accumulated in the battery pack, then harmful components are retained, but other battery cells may overheat due to the released gas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the battery pack into distinct functional zones: the first storage space containing battery cells and the gas bag, and the second storage space containing the exhaust path and gas release duct. This segmentation isolates the gas accumulation function from the thermal environment of active battery cells, allowing gas storage while minimizing heat transfer to other cells
Solution Approach 2:
The gas bag serves as a thermal buffer between the released gas and other battery cells. By containing the gas in a dedicated compartment rather than allowing it to circulate among battery cells, the gas bag prevents direct thermal interaction and reduces the risk of overheating adjacent cells
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively accumulates gas within the pack while preventing other battery cells from overheating, enhancing safety and efficiency by controlling gas release and reducing pressure buildup.
Implementation Method 1
In response to a gas pressure in the second storage space reaching a predetermined value or more relative to an atmospheric pressure outside the housing, the closing member opens the passage of the duct
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a battery pack capable of accumulating gas released from a battery cell in the battery pack as much as possible while suppressing the other battery cells from becoming hot due to the gas. The battery pack 100 includes a battery module 30, an electrical unit 50, and a housing 70. The housing 70 internally has a first storage space 70a that stores the battery module 30 and a second storage space 70b that stores the electrical unit 50. A part of the housing 70 defining the second storage space 70b includes a duct 80 that communicates the second storage space 70b with an outside of the housing 70. The duct 80 includes a filter 91 that closes a gas flow path 80a of the duct 80. In response to a gas pressure in the second storage space 70b reaching a predetermined value or more relative to an atmospheric pressure outside the housing 70, the filter 91 opens the flow path 80a of the duct 80.