Battery Pack Spray Pipeline for Cell-Level Thermal Runaway Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
In battery packs, abnormal heat generation from one cell can lead to thermal runaway, causing chain reactions and potential accidents, with existing cooling methods having low efficiency and risking short circuits in adjacent cells.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack design featuring a spray pipeline with an injection portion that abuts a fragile portion on each cell, allowing the cooling medium to flow directly into the cell during thermal runaway, improving cooling efficiency and preventing spread to adjacent cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If a spray pipeline is used to cool battery cells during thermal runaway, then cooling capability is provided, but the cooling medium spreads around causing low cooling efficiency and potential short circuits in adjacent cells
Solution Approach 1:
The spray pipeline is equipped with an injection portion that abuts against the fragile portion of the battery cell, creating a localized injection port. This ensures the cooling medium is delivered precisely to the affected cell's thermal runaway location rather than spreading broadly, thereby improving cooling efficiency and preventing short circuits in adjacent cells
Solution Approach 2:
The fragile portion acts as an intermediary element between the spray pipeline and the battery cell interior. When thermal runaway occurs, the fragile portion breaks to form an injection port, allowing the cooling medium to enter the cell precisely where needed without directly contacting other cells
2Area of stationary object
If cooling medium is sprayed broadly to cool affected cells, then cooling coverage is increased, but cooling efficiency decreases and short circuit risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
Rather than spraying broadly over a large area, the injection portion concentrates the cooling medium delivery at a specific location where it abuts the fragile portion. This localized approach ensures high cooling efficiency at the critical thermal runaway point without the inefficiencies of broad dispersion
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances cooling efficiency and safety by precisely directing the cooling medium to the affected cell, reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation and avoiding short circuits.
Implementation Method 1
the fragile portion is impacted by a thermal runaway heat flow of the battery cell to form a pressure relief port, and an injection portion forms an injection port under the action of the thermal runaway heat flow
Implementation Method 2
the cooling medium in the spray pipeline flows out from the injection port
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack and an electrical device. The battery pack includes: a plurality of battery cells, any of which is provided with a fragile portion; and a spray pipeline, which is arranged on one side of the battery cell where the fragile portion is arranged. The spray pipeline is provided with an injection portion, and the injection portion abuts against the fragile portion. The fragile portion is impacted by a thermal runaway heat flow of the battery cell to form a pressure relief port, and the injection portion forms an injection port under the action of the thermal runaway heat flow, so that the cooling medium in the spray pipeline flows out from the injection port.