Battery Thermal Management via Refrigerant Circulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
High temperatures in pure electric automobiles can shorten the service life and pose safety risks to lithium iron phosphate batteries, particularly during long trips or in hot weather.
Innovation Solution
A battery management system comprising a temperature monitoring device, a refrigeration circulation channel, and a main control device that monitors battery temperature and circulates refrigerant to cool the batteries when the temperature exceeds a preset limit, thereby reducing the impact of high temperatures on battery performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the pure electric automobile travels for a long time or operates in hot weather, then the power consumption and heat generation increase, but the battery temperature rises excessively which shortens service life and creates safety risks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a refrigerant as an intermediary substance that absorbs heat from the battery compartment through the refrigeration circulation channel. The refrigerant circulates between the battery compartment and the refrigeration device, acting as a heat transfer medium to remove excess heat generated during continuous operation or in hot weather conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a hydraulic refrigeration circulation system where refrigerant fluid circulates through closed channels. The refrigeration device uses hydraulic principles to pump and circulate the refrigerant through the battery compartment, enabling efficient heat removal during prolonged operation or in high-temperature environments
2Device complexity
If no refrigeration system is installed, then the device complexity is low, but the battery service life is shortened due to high temperature effects
Solution Approach 1:
The refrigeration circulation channel is designed to serve multiple functions: it cools the battery compartment during high-temperature operation, removes heat generated during charging, and can be integrated with the vehicle's existing air conditioning system. This multi-functionality justifies the added complexity by providing comprehensive thermal management for the battery system
Solution Approach 2:
The refrigeration system is pre-installed and ready to operate before the battery reaches dangerous temperatures. The temperature monitoring device continuously monitors battery temperature and activates the refrigeration system in advance when temperature approaches threshold values, preventing thermal damage before it occurs and extending battery service life
3Temperature
If the refrigeration system operates continuously, then the battery temperature is maintained, but the energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The temperature monitoring device provides continuous feedback on battery temperature to the main control device. Based on this feedback, the control system activates or deactivates the refrigeration device dynamically, operating only when temperature exceeds predetermined thresholds. This feedback control prevents continuous operation and reduces unnecessary energy consumption while maintaining battery temperature within safe ranges
Solution Approach 2:
The refrigeration system operates periodically rather than continuously, activating when temperature thresholds are exceeded and deactivating when temperatures return to acceptable ranges. This periodic operation pattern, controlled by temperature monitoring and feedback mechanisms, maintains battery temperature control while minimizing energy consumption during normal operating conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively reduces the negative effects of high temperatures on battery capacity and service life, improving the overall performance and safety of the batteries by timely refrigeration.
Implementation Method 1
a refrigeration circulation channel connected to the battery compartment of the electric automobile, to circulate refrigerant thereby to refrigerate batteries in the battery compartment
Data Source
AI summary
A battery management system for an electric automobile and a control method are provided. The battery management system includes a temperature monitoring device (10) connected to a battery compartment of the electric automobile for monitoring the battery temperature and transmitting the battery temperature to a main control device (12), a refrigeration circulation channel (11) connected to the battery compartment for circulating a refrigerant so as to refrigerate the batteries. The main control device is connected to an acquisition device and the refrigeration circulation channel, for controlling the refrigerant to be circulated so as to refrigerate the batteries when the battery temperature exceeds a preset upper limit value. With the battery management and the control method, the impact of the high temperature on the service life and the capacity and the like of the batteries can be reduced, and the service life of the batteries can be prolonged.