Battery Venting Plate Layout for External Flame Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems face the risk of flame formation during thermal events due to the escape of hot gases, which can ignite when contacting oxygen, and existing solutions like cooling channels may be damaged by direct hot gas flow.
Innovation Solution
A battery system design featuring a housing with a battery protection plate made of fiber composite material, incorporating a fire protection component such as steel, ceramic, or high-temperature resistant fiber-plastic composite, and a degassing port system that deflects gas jets by 90°, enhancing safety by preventing flame formation outside the vehicle.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If cooling channels are used to cool hot gas, then flame formation is prevented, but the channels can be damaged by direct hot gas flow
Solution Approach 1:
A fire protection component made of heat-resistant material (steel, ceramic, or high-temperature fiber-plastic composite) is positioned between the degassing port and the cooling channel to serve as an intermediary. This component withstands direct hot gas flow while the cooling channel remains protected, allowing the cooling function to operate reliably without damaging the channel walls.
Solution Approach 2:
The fire protection component is strategically positioned only in the area directly exposed to hot gas flow from the degassing port, providing localized heat resistance where it is most needed. This allows the cooling channel to have standard wall thickness elsewhere, balancing protection needs with structural efficiency.
2Temperature
If a monolithically heat-resistant material like steel is used for the battery protection plate, then heat resistance is improved, but weight increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The battery protection plate uses a composite structure combining fiber-reinforced plastic (for lightweight properties) with a fire protection component made of heat-resistant material (for thermal protection). This composite approach achieves the required heat resistance while maintaining low weight, avoiding the need for solid steel construction.
Solution Approach 2:
Heat-resistant material is applied locally only where hot gas exposure occurs (in the fire protection component), rather than making the entire protection plate from heat-resistant material. This localized approach provides necessary thermal protection while minimizing overall weight.
3Weight of moving object
If the battery protection plate is made of fiber composite material, then weight is reduced, but heat resistance compared to steel is initially lower
Solution Approach 1:
The protection plate combines fiber-reinforced plastic (providing lightweight structure) with a fire protection component made of heat-resistant material (steel, ceramic, or high-temperature fiber-plastic composite). This composite construction compensates for the lower inherent heat resistance of fiber composite material while maintaining weight advantages.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the risk of external flame formation during thermal events by using a lightweight, heat-resistant battery protection plate with integrated fire protection components, ensuring vehicle safety and preventing damage from hot gas flows.
Implementation Method 1
The fire protection component (116) is configured and arranged such that a gas jet from the degassing port (114) is deflected substantially by 90°
Implementation Method 2
the gas can be directed through channels and cooled by surface contact with the channels
Implementation Method 3
The battery protection plate of some embodiments comprises a fiber composite material or consists of a fiber composite material. This achieves a significant weight reduction compared to battery protection with monolithically heat-resistant material, such as steel.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery system (102) has a battery cell (104) arranged in a housing (106). The battery protection plate (108) is arranged outside of the housing (106) and a channel (112) is arranged between a wall (110) of the housing (106) and the battery protection plate (108). The battery system (102) further includes a degassing port (114) arranged in the wall (110). A fire protection component (116) is arranged in or on a portion (118) of the battery protection plate (108) facing the channel (112) and in a position opposite the degassing port (114). A vehicle (100) with the battery system (102) also is provided.