Belt-Driven Starter-Generator Cold Weather Start Strategy

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing powertrain systems with alternator-starters face difficulties in starting the engine in extreme cold conditions due to belt slippage caused by impurities like frost, ice, or dust, especially with high compression ratio engines, which require high drive torque.

Innovation Solution

A starting strategy that includes a belt preparation phase where the alternator-starter drives the belt to remove impurities and bring it to a minimum operating temperature, using a coupling/decoupling system to reduce friction and resistance, and a timing phase for recoupling before engine start-up, with informational displays for the driver.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a belt-driven alternator-starter system is used to eliminate the traditional starter, then device complexity is reduced and fuel consumption is lowered, but the system becomes unreliable in cold weather due to belt slippage caused by frost, ice, or dust impurities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestarter eliminationVSAvoidcold weather starting
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary heating of the belt before engine starting in cold conditions. The alternator-starter is activated to rotate the belt and heat it to a temperature above freezing point, preventing ice formation and ensuring proper friction for reliable starting. This preliminary action eliminates the harmful effect of cold temperature on belt performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the temperature parameter of the belt from sub-freezing to above-freezing conditions before engine starting. By controlling the belt temperature, the system maintains optimal friction characteristics and prevents slippage, thereby resolving the reliability issue in cold weather while keeping the belt-driven architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Force

If the alternator-starter is used to drive the belt for engine starting, then high drive torque is achieved, but energy consumption increases during the starting phase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedrive torqueVSAvoidstarting energy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The alternator-starter operates in periodic cycles: heating phase (alternator mode) followed by starting phase (starter mode). This periodic operation allows the system to prepare the belt for optimal performance before actual starting, ensuring high torque transmission efficiency and reducing total energy consumption by preventing slippage losses during the critical starting moment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The belt remains continuously engaged with the pulleys throughout both heating and starting phases, maintaining continuous useful action. This eliminates the need for disengagement and re-engagement operations, reducing energy losses and ensuring that the high drive torque capability is fully utilized during the starting phase without interruption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Reliability

If the belt is heated to remove impurities and reach operating temperature, then contact between belt and pulleys is improved, but additional time is required before engine starting

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebelt contact qualityVSAvoidpre-start preparation time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies partial heating - just enough to raise the belt temperature above the freezing point and remove impurities, rather than heating to excessive temperatures. This sufficient-but-not-excessive approach achieves the necessary contact quality improvement while minimizing the time penalty before engine starting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Ensures reliable engine starting by cleaning the belt of impurities and optimizing the powertrain's energy consumption, allowing the alternator-starter to function effectively even in cold weather conditions.

Implementation Method 1

the alternator-starter is activated to drive the belt in rotation during the cleaning phase... During its rotation, the belt can rid itself of impurities such as dust, frost, or ice and be brought to a temperature substantially close to a minimum operating temperature threshold

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction heating: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP3436685B1Cold weather start strategy with a starter-generator in a vehicle provided with a belt driven by an internal combustion engine
Publication Date: 2021.05.12 RENAULT SA
  • EP3436685B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3436685B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3436685B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A starting strategy for a powertrain (10) of a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine (11) equipped with a drive shaft (12) extending along a longitudinal axis (X), an alternator-starter (14), a first pulley (15, 19) capable of being rotatably driven by the drive shaft, a pulley (16) rigidly secured to a shaft of the alternator-starter, a belt (17) surrounding the two pulleys, and a coupling/decoupling system (18) between the first pulley (19) and the engine drive shaft (12), which starting strategy includes a procedure for preparing the belt in cold weather.