Belt Starter-Generator Torque Timing for Faster Engine Restart

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional restart standby control methods for internal-combustion engines, which apply preliminary powering torque to the engine via a motor generator connected via a belt transmission mechanism, lead to increased engine revolution speed resonance time, prolonged engine shutdown time, and energy wastage, while also deteriorating noise and vibration characteristics.

Innovation Solution

The method involves controlling the preliminary powering torque to be higher in the low-tension period and zero in the high-tension period of the belt's periodic tension variation, ensuring that preliminary powering is only applied when the belt tension is low, thereby avoiding unnecessary torque application during high-tension periods.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If preliminary powering torque is applied continuously to remove belt slack, then start responsiveness is improved, but engine revolution speed resonance time increases and noise/vibration characteristics deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestart responsivenessVSAvoidnoise and vibration
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies periodic action by controlling the motor generator to apply preliminary powering torque only during low-tension periods of the belt, rather than continuously. The controller detects belt tension periodicity and timing, and restricts torque application to specific low-tension intervals, thereby removing belt slack while minimizing resonance and noise.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements dynamics by making the preliminary powering torque application conditional and time-variable rather than static and continuous. The controller dynamically adjusts torque application based on real-time detection of belt tension state, engine revolution speed, and crankshaft position, applying torque only when conditions are favorable (low-tension periods).

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Reliability

If preliminary powering torque is applied continuously, then belt slack is removed, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebelt slack removalVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent reduces energy consumption by applying preliminary powering torque periodically only during low-tension periods rather than continuously. The controller calculates belt tension periodicity and timing from engine revolution speed and crankshaft position, and restricts motor generator torque application to these specific intervals, thereby maintaining belt slack removal effectiveness while minimizing energy waste.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies partial action by providing preliminary powering torque only when and where it is most needed (during low-tension periods), rather than applying full torque continuously. This partial application is sufficient to remove belt slack while significantly reducing the total energy consumption compared to continuous torque application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Reliability

If preliminary powering torque is applied continuously, then belt slack is removed, but engine shutdown time is prolonged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebelt slack removalVSAvoidengine shutdown time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent shortens engine shutdown time by applying preliminary powering torque periodically during low-tension periods rather than continuously. This allows the engine to decelerate more quickly through the resonance region while still maintaining adequate belt tension for reliable restart, thereby reducing the overall shutdown duration while preserving reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Data Source

PatentEP3683435B1Method of controlling restart standby of internal combustion engine, and restart standby control device
Publication Date: 2023.01.04 NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP3683435B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2(c)
  • EP3683435B1 patent drawingFigure 3(a)~4
  • EP3683435B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

An internal-combustion engine (1) includes a belt-driven starter generator (4), and makes an idling stop while a vehicle is at a stop. In the process of the engine revolution speed decreasing with cutting of fuel to stop the vehicle, to suppress the reduction in restart responsiveness caused by slack in a belt (9), preliminary powering of the starter generator (4) is performed. The belt tension during deceleration microscopically changes periodically between a relatively high-tension period and a relatively low-tension period due to pulsation of the engine revolution speed. Slack in the belt (9) does not occur in the high tension period, and thus preliminary powering torque is applied only in the low-tension period.