Bidirectional EV Charging Architecture for Lower Loss Fast Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional charging systems for electric vehicles suffer from significant power loss and high power supply costs due to multiple power stage converters, and they are limited in providing high-power fast-charging functions by grid connection constraints.
Innovation Solution
The proposed charging system incorporates two bidirectional energy storage modules and an intelligent controller to manage power flow, reducing losses by directly delivering energy from the second bidirectional energy storage module to the charging gun, thereby enabling high-power fast-charging without relying solely on grid power.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If conventional charging system uses multiple power stage converters to charge electric vehicles, then charging function is provided, but power loss increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes intermediate power conversion stages from the traditional charging system architecture. By using the energy storage system's bidirectional converter directly connected to the DC bus, the patent eliminates unnecessary DC/DC conversion stages, thereby reducing power loss while maintaining charging functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The energy storage system's bidirectional converter serves multiple functions: it acts as both the energy storage interface converter and the charging output converter. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate dedicated charging converters, reducing overall system complexity and power loss.
2Loss of energy
If conventional charging system uses multiple power stage converters, then charging is enabled, but power supply cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes intermediate conversion stages that cause power loss, directly connecting the energy storage bidirectional converter to the charging gun through the DC bus. This extraction of unnecessary components reduces both power loss and the associated power supply costs.
3Power
If conventional charging system relies on grid connection, then power is supplied, but maximum charging power is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The energy storage system pre-stores electrical energy in advance, allowing it to deliver high power to charging guns without being limited by real-time grid capacity. This preliminary energy accumulation enables fast-charging functionality that exceeds grid connection limitations.
Solution Approach 2:
The energy storage system acts as an intermediary between the grid and the charging guns. It buffers and regulates power flow, allowing the charging system to deliver higher power than the grid connection would normally permit, thereby enabling fast-charging capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces power loss and supply costs while enabling high-power fast-charging capabilities, as the second bidirectional energy storage module provides maximum power to the charging gun, overcoming the limitations of conventional systems.
Implementation Method 1
The inverter is electrically connected to the power input part for converting the AC input power into a DC power
Implementation Method 2
the first bidirectional DC/DC converter is configured to receive and convert the DC power provided by the inverter through the DC bus
Implementation Method 3
The first bidirectional DC/DC converter is configured to receive and convert the DC power provided by the inverter through the DC bus for charging the first battery, or convert a first storage electric energy of the first battery
Data Source
AI summary
A charging system includes a power input part, an inverter, a DC bus, at least one charging device, a first bidirectional energy storage module, a second bidirectional energy storage module and an intelligent controller. The charging device includes a DC/DC converter and a charging gun. A first bidirectional DC/DC converter of the first bidirectional energy storage module receives and converts the DC power from the inverter for charging a first battery, or converts a first storage electric energy of the first battery for the charging device. A second bidirectional DC/DC converter of the second bidirectional energy storage module receives and converts the electric energy outputted by the DC/DC converter of the charging device for charging a second battery, or converts a second storage electric energy of the second battery for the charging device. The intelligent controller controls operations of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and the second bidirectional DC/DC converter.