Biosensor Electrode Segmentation for Glucose and Temperature Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid sample measurement devices, such as those described in Patent Document 1, fail to accurately measure the temperature of the reaction part, leading to inaccurate measurements of glucose concentration and other components in biological samples.
Innovation Solution
A liquid sample measurement device that employs a biosensor with multiple electrode pairs and controlled voltage applications to detect oxidation-reduction currents, allowing for precise calculation of component amounts and temperature using a combination of first, second, and third current values generated by different voltage applications.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single electrode pair is used to measure both temperature and glucose concentration, then the device structure is simple, but the measurement precision of both parameters deteriorates due to interference between measurements
Solution Approach 1:
The single electrode pair is divided into multiple electrode pairs (first electrode pair C1-E1, second electrode pair C2-E2, third electrode pair C3-E3) with distinct functions. The first electrode pair measures glucose concentration, the second measures temperature, and the third provides reference current. This segmentation eliminates measurement interference and improves precision of both temperature and glucose concentration measurements simultaneously.
2Speed
If voltage is continuously applied to electrodes to measure current, then measurement speed is fast, but the biosensor cannot distinguish between oxidation-reduction current and other interfering currents
Solution Approach 1:
Voltage is applied periodically in distinct phases rather than continuously. In the first phase, voltage is applied to the first electrode pair to measure oxidation-reduction current for glucose concentration. In the second phase, voltage is applied to the second electrode pair to measure temperature-related current. In the third phase, voltage is applied to the third electrode pair to measure reference current. This periodic application allows the biosensor to distinguish between different current types while maintaining fast measurement speed.
3Measurement precision
If multiple electrode pairs are added to enable separate temperature and concentration measurements, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
All electrode pairs share common structural components including the substrate, electrolyte layer, and membrane layer. The counter electrodes (E1, E2, E3) are structurally identical and serve different measurement functions. This multi-functionality design allows three distinct measurements (glucose concentration, temperature, reference current) to be performed using a unified sensor structure, minimizing the increase in device complexity while achieving high measurement precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-accuracy measurement of component amounts in liquid samples by controlling voltage applications and using multiple current values to calculate component concentrations and temperature, improving the precision of glucose and other component measurements.
Implementation Method 1
components contained in liquid are subjected to oxidation-reduction using an oxidoreductase
Implementation Method 2
an oxidation-reduction current that is generated by the oxidation-reduction when a first voltage is applied to a first electrode pair
Data Source
AI summary
It is intended to provide, for example, a liquid sample measurement device capable of measuring the amounts of components of a liquid with a high accuracy. A first voltage is applied to an electrode pair 21, 22, which composes a biosensor 1, to obtain a first response value, a second voltage is applied to an electrode pair 23, 24, which composes the biosensor 1, to obtain a second response value, and a current that is generated when a third voltage is applied to an electrode pair 23, 27, which composes the biosensor 1, is detected to obtain a third response value. A liquid sample measurement device 6 uses the first response value, the second response value, and the third response value to obtain the concentration of glucose and the amount of blood cells of blood as well as the value equivalent to the temperature of the biosensor 1.