Hydrophobic and hydrophilic coatings on the sensor housing interior guide electrolyte positioning, preventing drying out and leakage from the active region.
A biosensor uses segmented electrode pairs to measure glucose concentration and temperature simultaneously.
Rhodium nanoparticle electrode enables real-time thiosulfate detection in flowing water, overcoming transport delays and instability of traditional lab methods.
A gas sensor uses a porous platinum-zirconia inner pump electrode to maintain linear sensitivity characteristics across high nitrogen oxide concentrations.
Zirconia in the outer pump electrode equalizes oxygen adsorption with the inner electrode, reducing noise current peaks during lean-to-rich transitions.
A pH sensor array determines sample potential using multiple elements to calculate precise pH values without glass reference electrodes.
A mixed-potential gas sensor uses a Pt-Au sensing electrode to detect hydrocarbon gases.
Measuring potential differences between separated electrode layers detects ion selective film detachment, ensuring reliable electrolyte analysis results.