Blood Pump Surface Modification for Delayed Coagulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing blood pumps face challenges with blood coagulation and protein denaturation due to unsuitable purge fluids like heparin, which may not be suitable for all patients, and conventional surfaces do not effectively manage blood interaction.
Innovation Solution
Surface modification of plastic and elastomeric surfaces, such as thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs), using diamines to create a modified microenvironment that delays coagulation and suppresses fibrin formation by altering the pH, combined with the use of sodium bicarbonate as an alternative purge fluid.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If heparin is used as purge fluid, then blood coagulation is prevented in the pump mechanism, but it may not be suitable for all patients and requires careful monitoring
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the purge fluid by using sodium bicarbonate instead of heparin, creating a different chemical environment (higher pH) that prevents coagulation through a different mechanism, thereby improving patient suitability while maintaining reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a disposable surface modification treatment on the pump components that creates a temporary protective barrier. This surface treatment is applied once and then degraded, allowing the use of simpler, more versatile purge fluids like sodium bicarbonate without requiring complex, patient-specific monitoring protocols
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional surfaces are used in the pump, then manufacturing is simpler, but blood coagulation and protein denaturation occur more readily
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the surface chemistry of the pump components by introducing basic groups (amines, amides, or carbons) that change the surface pH and chemical properties. This creates a blood-compatible surface that prevents coagulation and protein denaturation while maintaining ease of manufacture through straightforward surface treatment processes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite surface structure by combining the base pump material with surface-modifying agents that contain basic functional groups. This composite surface maintains the structural integrity of the original material while adding blood-compatible chemical properties, achieving both ease of manufacture and reduced harmful effects
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified surfaces and sodium bicarbonate purge fluid reduce clot formation and protein denaturation, creating an environment that minimizes agglomeration and supports safe blood flow through the pump.
Implementation Method 1
Surface modification of plastic and elastomeric surfaces, such as thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs), using diamines to create a modified microenvironment that delays coagulation and suppresses fibrin formation by altering the pH
Implementation Method 2
combined with the use of sodium bicarbonate as an alternative purge fluid
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are techniques for delaying initiation of coagulation and suppressing fibrin formation. The disclosed techniques may include providing a percutaneous blood pump that may include a metal or ceramic surface (such as a surface of a shaft, bearing, rotor, stator, etc.) that has been modified with a bifunctional modifier. The modified surface may be within a motor section and/or pump section of the blood pump. The modified surface may be configured to interact with blood. When blood is allowed to interact with the modified surface, a desirable microenvironment may be formed. The bifunctional modifier may be a functionalized aminosilane, a functionalized aminosiloxane, and/or a functionalized silanetriol. The blood pump may be configured to have a purge fluid pass through at least a portion of the motor section and/or the pump section. The purge fluid may be free of anticoagulants.