Multi-Factor Ticket Validation Using Bluetooth and High Frequency Data Over Voice

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Solution Overview

Problem

Bluetooth validation in public transportation systems is vulnerable to fraud possibilities such as ticket sharing, cloning, and device spoofing, which can lead to revenue losses and overcrowding, necessitating additional security measures to ensure authorized access.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a multi-factor authentication system using High Frequency Data-over-Voice (HF DOV) technology in conjunction with Bluetooth validation, where both Bluetooth and audio signals are synchronously authenticated, enhancing security and reliability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If Bluetooth validation is used for passenger verification, then the validation process is simplified and can be performed automatically, but the system becomes vulnerable to fraud such as ticket sharing, cloning, and device spoofing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevalidation processVSAvoidsecurity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology with High Frequency Data-over-Voice (HF DOV) audio signals to create a multi-factor authentication system. The validator device simultaneously receives both Bluetooth tokens and audio signals from the passenger's mobile device, requiring both factors to be present and synchronized for successful validation. This merging of two different authentication modalities maintains ease of operation while significantly improving security against fraud.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Device complexity

If traditional single-factor validation methods are used, then the system is simpler to implement, but it cannot prevent unauthorized access or spoofing effectively

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevalidation systemVSAvoidsecurity
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The validation system is segmented into two distinct authentication factors: Bluetooth token verification and High Frequency Data-over-Voice audio signal verification. Each factor operates independently but must both succeed for validation to complete. This segmentation allows the system to maintain relatively simple individual components while achieving robust security through the combination of multiple independent verification layers, making it difficult for fraudsters to compromise the entire system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The HF DOV-based multi-factor authentication significantly reduces fraudulent behavior, providing a secure and reliable validation process while being cost-effective and compatible with a wide range of devices, thus preventing unauthorized access and ensuring accurate passenger validation.

Implementation Method 1

The validator constantly generates a new Bluetooth (BT) token and sends it to the user's smart mobile device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBluetooth wireless communication: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

Based on the prepared BT token, the validator generates a High Frequency Data-over-Voice (HF DOV) audio signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHigh Frequency Data-over-Voice modulation: Phase Modulation

Implementation Method 3

When the user's smart mobile device receives the HF DOV token, it decodes the synchronisation code and the BT token

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHF DOV demodulation: Phase Modulation

Data Source

PatentEP4451191A1Systems and methods for multi-factor ticket validation based on bluetooth token validated by high frequency data over voice token
Publication Date: 2024.10.23 MARGENTO R&D D O O
  • EP4451191A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4451191A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4451191A1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

The invention relates to a system and methods for automatic, fast and secure ticket validation based on Bluetooth token validated by High Frequency Data over Voice token.