Composite Metal Oxide Catalyst for Butadiene Selectivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for preparing butadiene through oxidative dehydrogenation of butene face challenges in maintaining catalyst intensity and selectivity due to oxidative dehydrogenation, leading to increased differential pressure and reduced stability.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the use of a composite metal oxide catalyst with a specific composition (Mo12 Bi0.8 to 2 Fe0.8 to 2 Co6 to 10 Cs0.01 to 0.9 K0.01 to 0.5 O_y) and a controlled mole ratio of butene:oxygen:steam:nitrogen (1:1.8 to 2.2:1 to 8:12 to 25) during oxidative dehydrogenation, with a gas hourly space velocity of 30 to 80 h^-1, to maintain catalyst stability and selectivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If oxidative dehydrogenation of butene is performed to produce butadiene, then butadiene yield is improved and reaction is thermodynamically advantageous, but catalyst intensity is decreased and differential pressure of reactor is elevated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the catalyst by incorporating specific ratios of Bi (0.8-2.0), Fe (0.8-2.0), Co (6-10), Cs (0.01-0.9), and K (0.01-0.5) with Mo as the base metal. This compositional parameter change maintains catalyst intensity during oxidative dehydrogenation while enabling high butadiene yield, resolving the contradiction between productivity improvement and reliability maintenance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite metal oxide catalyst combining multiple metal oxides (Mo, Bi, Fe, Co, Cs, K) in specific proportions. This composite material approach creates synergistic effects that maintain catalyst structural integrity and activity during oxidative dehydrogenation, preventing the intensity decrease that would normally occur with single-metal catalysts
2Productivity
If oxidative dehydrogenation is performed to generate stable water and produce butadiene in high yield, then reaction efficiency is improved, but catalyst intensity decreases leading to reactor differential pressure elevation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the oxidation state parameter of the metal components in the catalyst, specifically maintaining Mo in a mixed valence state and controlling the oxidation states of Bi, Fe, and Co. This parameter optimization allows the catalyst to facilitate the exothermic oxidative dehydrogenation reaction efficiently while maintaining structural stability, thereby preventing differential pressure elevation in the reactor
3Productivity
If conventional catalyst composition is used in oxidative dehydrogenation, then butadiene production is achieved, but selectivity decreases due to side reactions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces local quality differences in the catalyst structure by incorporating alkali metal promoters (Cs and K) at specific low concentrations (0.01-0.9 for Cs, 0.01-0.5 for K). These localized active sites with specific electronic properties promote the desired oxidative dehydrogenation pathway while suppressing side reactions, thereby maintaining high selectivity during butadiene production
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach ensures long-term operation stability and high selectivity of butadiene production by preventing catalyst intensity reduction and differential pressure elevation, while minimizing side reactions.
Implementation Method 1
oxidative dehydrogenation of butene, as a reaction generating 1,3-butadiene and water by reaction of butene with oxygen
Implementation Method 2
feeding butene, nitrogen, steam and oxygen into a reactor containing a composite metal oxide catalyst and performing oxidative dehydrogenation
Implementation Method 3
since the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene is an exothermic reaction unlike the direct dehydrogenation of butene, it enables production of 1,3-butadiene in a high yield even at low reaction temperature
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method of preparing butadiene. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of preparing butadiene by feeding butene and oxygen into a reactor containing a composite metal oxide catalyst and performing oxidative dehydrogenation, wherein a mole ratio of the oxygen to the butene is 1.8 to 2.2. In accordance with the present invention, a method of preparing butadiene to secure long-term operation stability by maintaining the intensity of a catalyst despite oxidative dehydrogenation and not to decrease selectivity due to less side reaction is provided.