Cableless Bidirectional Data Transmission in Well Extraction Rods
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current bidirectional data transmission technologies for well extraction of formation fluids face limitations such as low transmission speed, reliability issues, high costs, and interruptions due to drilling fluid characteristics and flow rates, noise interference, and electromagnetic propagation challenges.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing a rod string with communication modules equipped with metal plates and coils for bidirectional data transmission, independent of drilling fluid conditions, allowing continuous real-time data transfer through electric and magnetic field interactions, with modules acting as transmitters, receivers, repeaters, or regenerators to maintain data integrity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If mud-pulser technology is used for data transmission, then data can be transmitted through drilling fluid, but transmission speed and reliability are limited due to fluid characteristics and flow rate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical mud-pulser system with an electromagnetic communication system. Instead of using pressure pulses through drilling fluid, the invention uses electromagnetic fields generated by coils to transmit data through the drill string, eliminating the limitations of fluid-based transmission while achieving both high reliability and speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the transmission medium from drilling fluid to electromagnetic fields. By transforming the physical parameter of data transmission from mechanical pressure waves to electromagnetic signals, the system overcomes the constraints of fluid characteristics and flow rate, achieving improved transmission speed and reliability simultaneously.
2Reliability
If wired pipe technology is used for data transmission, then continuous electrical connection is achieved, but costs increase significantly and connections are interrupted when rods are added
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the physical wired connection system with an electromagnetic induction system. Instead of requiring continuous electrical contact through wired rods, the invention uses magnetic coupling between coils in adjacent rods to transmit data, eliminating the need for expensive wired connections while maintaining transmission continuity during drill string operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces electromagnetic fields as an intermediary medium for data transmission. The coils in each rod generate magnetic fields that couple with adjacent coils, serving as an intermediate transmission mechanism that maintains data continuity without requiring direct electrical contact, thus avoiding the costs and interruptions associated with wired connections.
3Productivity
If acoustic telemetry technology is used for data transmission, then data can be transmitted along drill rods, but errors occur due to operating noise and well deviation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces acoustic wave transmission through drill rods with electromagnetic field transmission. Instead of relying on acoustic waves that are susceptible to noise interference and well deviation, the invention uses electromagnetic induction between coils, which are immune to mechanical vibrations and orientation changes, thereby achieving both real-time transmission and high accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the physical basis of data transmission from acoustic waves to electromagnetic fields. This parameter change eliminates sensitivity to mechanical noise and well deviation, as electromagnetic induction depends only on relative coil positioning and current, not on acoustic propagation conditions or drill string orientation.
4Reliability
If through-the-ground technology is used for data transmission, then electromagnetic transmission through ground is achieved, but transmission speed is very low and reliability problems occur due to different formation layers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the drill string into multiple segments, each equipped with communication modules. Data transmission occurs through localized electromagnetic coupling between adjacent segments rather than through the entire ground path. This segmentation enables fast local transmission while maintaining reliability through distributed communication nodes, avoiding the speed and reliability issues of through-the-ground transmission.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses electromagnetic fields as an intermediary for data transmission between drill string segments. Instead of transmitting signals through the ground formation layers with varying electromagnetic properties, the system uses magnetic coupling between coils in adjacent rods, eliminating the reliability and speed problems associated with through-the-ground transmission.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables safe, cost-effective, and continuous real-time data transmission from the well bottom, allowing immediate monitoring and intervention during drilling, maintaining high drilling speeds, and transmitting large volumes of data even during loss of circulation, effectively replacing current wireline logs with enhanced logging capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
bidirectional data transmission... through electric and magnetic field interactions
Implementation Method 2
bidirectional data transmission... through electric and magnetic field interactions
Implementation Method 3
communication modules equipped with metal plates and coils for bidirectional data transmission
Data Source
AI summary
System for cableless bidirectional data transmission in a well for the extraction of formation fluids comprising: a plurality of rods connected to each other in succession so as to form a rod string, which extends from the surface to the bottom of the well, the rod string being associable with a plurality of sensors configured for continuously detecting a plurality of parameters relating to the fluids circulating in the well and to the rock formation surrounding the well and/or to safety devices or other remote-controlled well instrumentation; a plurality of communication modules applied at predefined distances along the rod string and configured for the transmission of signals from and towards the bottom of the well; each of the communication modules including at least one metal plate.