CaBr2 Microcapsule Extinguishing Composition for Battery Ignition Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary batteries are prone to explosion or ignition due to high-temperature heat caused by overcharging, overcurrent, and physical impacts, which poses a safety risk.
Innovation Solution
An extinguishing composition containing calcium bromide (CaBr2) encapsulated in a thermoplastic resin capsule, applied to the electrodes, separators, or electrolyte, utilizing an air blocking effect to suppress high-temperature heat and flames, is developed. The composition includes a dispersion layer made of silicone oil to prevent capsule adhesion and enhance dispersibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional extinguishing materials are used without encapsulation, then the extinguishing effect may be achieved, but the materials cause aggregation and poor dispersibility in the battery system
Solution Approach 1:
The extinguishing material is divided into individual micro-capsules, each containing a small amount of extinguishing agent. This segmentation prevents aggregation and improves dispersibility throughout the battery system, while maintaining the overall extinguishing effectiveness through distributed coverage.
Solution Approach 2:
A thermoplastic resin shell is formed around the extinguishing material to create micro-capsules. This thin film encapsulation prevents direct contact between extinguishing material particles, eliminating aggregation issues while allowing the capsules to disperse uniformly in the battery electrolyte or coating layers.
2Reliability
If extinguishing material is added to enhance safety, then explosion and ignition prevention is improved, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The extinguishing micro-capsules are selectively placed in specific locations within the battery system, such as in the electrolyte, on separator surfaces, or in coating layers near heat-generating components. This localized approach provides targeted safety enhancement without requiring uniform distribution throughout the entire battery structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The thermoplastic resin shell acts as an intermediary between the extinguishing material and the battery environment. It protects the extinguishing agent until thermal activation, then releases the contents when needed, providing a simple yet effective safety mechanism without complex control systems.
3Reliability
If capsule solution is applied to extinguishing materials, then encapsulation is achieved, but the manufacturing process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The thermoplastic resin solution automatically forms capsules around the extinguishing material through a self-assembly process. When the solution is applied and then dried or cured, the resin spontaneously forms a continuous shell around each particle, eliminating the need for complex encapsulation equipment or multi-step manufacturing processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents explosions and ignitions in secondary batteries by suppressing high-temperature heat and flames, thereby enhancing the safety of these devices.
Implementation Method 1
to effectively suppress explosion or ignition by using an air blocking effect
Implementation Method 2
heating the plurality of extinguishing materials coated with the capsule solution to evaporate the solvent contained in the capsule solution
Implementation Method 3
a dispersion layer applied to an outer circumferential surface of the capsule, wherein the dispersion layer may be made of a silicone oil material
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to an extinguishing composition and comprises an extinguishing material and a capsule containing the extinguishing material, and the extinguishing material comprises calcium bromide (CaBr2).