Liquid-Cooled Cantilever Shelf for Refractory Furnace Walls

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Solution Overview

Problem

Refractory brick walls in vertically oriented furnaces face severe wear, corrosion, and weight-bearing issues, leading to potential catastrophic failures due to the conventional practice of directing the entire weight of the brick wall lining down to its ring footing, which results in uneven wear and increased risk of collapse.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of modular liquid-cooled cantilever support shelves made of copper, which are fixed to the horizontal web-rings of steel containment shells, redistribute the weight of the upper refractory brick tiers onto the steel containment shell, relieving the lower portion of the brick wall and allowing for controlled thermal expansion and wear without sudden collapse.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If the entire weight of the refractory brick wall lining is directed vertically down to the ring footing, then the structural support is simplified, but the lower refractory bricks experience excessive wear and increased risk of catastrophic failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural support systemVSAvoidbrick wall stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention divides the continuous refractory brick wall into separate tiers by introducing horizontal cantilever shelves at intermediate levels. Each shelf supports the weight of the brick tier above it, transferring the load to the steel containment shell rather than passing it through the lower bricks. This segmentation eliminates the cumulative weight burden on lower bricks, preventing catastrophic failure while maintaining structural integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Device complexity

If conventional brick wall construction is used without intermediate support, then the device complexity is low, but the campaign life is limited due to wear and corrosion of lower bricks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebrick wall structureVSAvoidfurnace campaign life
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

By segmenting the brick wall into tiers supported by intermediate cantilever shelves, the invention allows each tier to be maintained independently. The lower bricks are relieved of weight stress and can corrode or wear beyond conventional limits without compromising overall structural stability, thereby extending the furnace campaign life and enabling targeted maintenance of worn sections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If liquid-cooled cantilever shelves are added to support upper brick tiers, then the reliability and campaign life are improved, but the device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebrick wall stabilityVSAvoidsupport shelf system
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention introduces liquid-cooled cantilever shelves as intermediary support structures between the upper and lower brick tiers. These shelves serve as mediators that bear the weight of upper tiers and transfer it directly to the steel containment shell, protecting the lower bricks from excessive load. The liquid cooling system prevents the shelves from overheating, ensuring their structural integrity in the high-temperature furnace environment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The cantilever shelves are constructed using composite design, combining refractory brick or castable material for thermal resistance with embedded cooling channels for thermal management. This composite structure allows the shelves to withstand both mechanical loads and high temperatures, resolving the contradiction between added complexity and improved reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Duration of action of stationary object

If the lower refractory bricks are allowed to corrode and thin beyond conventional limits, then the campaign life is extended, but the risk of sudden collapse increases without intermediate support

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefurnace campaign lifeVSAvoidstructural safety
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention segments the load-bearing function from the lower bricks by introducing intermediate cantilever shelves. This allows the lower bricks to be permitted to corrode and thin beyond conventional limits without creating a collapse risk, as the shelves carry the structural load. The segmentation creates a safety buffer that decouples brick thickness from structural integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The cantilever shelves act as a preemptive cushioning structure that prevents catastrophic failure before it can occur. By providing intermediate support, the shelves create a safety margin that allows the lower bricks to deteriorate without immediately compromising structural safety, enabling extended operation with monitored degradation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution reduces the risk of sudden brick lining wall collapse, extends the campaign life of the furnace by allowing the lower brick to corrode and thin beyond conventional limits without failing, and enables targeted maintenance and rebuilding of worn parts without replacing the entire brick structure.

Implementation Method 1

modular liquid-cooled cantilever support shelves made of copper

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

liquid-cooled cantilever support shelves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection cooling: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP4202340A1Liquid-cooled cantilever support shelf for upper tiers of refractory brick walls
Publication Date: 2023.06.28 MACRAE ALLAN J
  • EP4202340A1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP4202340A1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP4202340A1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

At least one row of fixed copper coolers are arranged in a furnace in a cantilevered horizontal shelf inside and fastened to an external steel ring support and the steel containment shell. These shelves redirect and take all the weight of refractory brick and floating cooling blocks that are stacked on above. Each fixed copper cooler in the shelves cantilever shoulder-to-shoulder over any refractory brick and floating cooling blocks that may be stacked beneath to relieve that lower portion of the wall from the weight of the upper wall. When relieved of such weight, the risks of sudden catastrophic failure of the lower walls is reduced. These bricks in the lower walls can also be allowed to wear and thin beyond what would be reasonable in a conventional design without any cantilevered shelving